Table 2.
Results of dual-task walking tests across intervention groups and time points
| EXCOG | EX | COG | CON | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| baseline | 6-week | 12-week | baseline | 6-week | 12-week | baseline | 6-week | 12-week | baseline | 6-week | 12-week | p-val | |
| Cognitive performance | |||||||||||||
| n | 20 | 16 | 12 | 19 | 17 | 17 | 21 | 14 | 10 | 14 | 13 | 12 | |
| number correct, mean (SD) | 17.8 (6.83) | 21.62 (9.69) | 26.5 (8.48) | 19.58 (13.55) | 21.7 (13.83) | 21.94 (13.64) | 16.82 (6.71) | 20.5 (7.78) | 21.8 (8.52) | 14.79 (9.49) | 14.46 (9.4) | 17.58 (10.15) | 0.039 |
| Gait variables (Dual-task cost, %) | |||||||||||||
| n | 15 | 11 | 9 | 12 | 11 | 11 | 18 | 9 | 7 | 12 | 11 | 10 | |
| Stride Length | −4.36 (2.8) | −1.87 (3.02) | −2.35 (1.33) | −4.26 (2.78) | − 1.87 (4.54) | − 1.85 (2.14) | −5.67 (2.27) | −3.96 (3.91) | −3.23 (1.35) | −5.37 (5.21) | −5.07 (3.38) | − 4.73 (4.59) | 0.790 |
| Stride Length Variability | 0.16 (0.4) | −0.02 (0.09) | 0.02 (0.2) | 0.09 (0.29) | −0.07 (0.32) | −0.06 (0.19) | 0.19 (0.26) | 0 (0.22) | 0.1 (0.39) | 0.1 (0.31) | 0.08 (0.16) | 0.06 (0.3) | 0.891 |
| Stride Duration | 4.94 (6.54) | 5.35 (7.35) | 5.14 (7.5) | 8.74 (5.89) | 7.89 (6.63) | 3.83 (4.75) | 8.42 (10.32) | 3.88 (3.1) | 2.4 (3.22) | 10.48 (13.32) | 7.48 (9.09) | 6.93 (8.98) | 0.773 |
| Stride Duration Variability | 45 (68.97) | 34.32 (72.94) | 8.57 (30.82) | 43.28 (45.6) | 27.16 (54.45) | 19.12 (25.56) | 40.50 (31.99) | 4.68 (18.14) | 35.92 (49.66) | 40 (46.4) | 40.29 (48.2) | 37.55 (44.38) | 0.439 |
| Stride Velocity | −8.45 (6.86) | −6.36 (7.39) | −6.73 (6.6) | −11.6 (5.75) | −8.36 (6.95) | −5.25 (4.62) | − 12.3 (6.91) | −7.42 (5.67) | − 5.61 (3.48) | −12.86 (12.89) | − 10.8 (9.94) | −10.06 (10.69) | 0.925 |
| Stride Velocity Variability | 17.91 (21.46) | 5.53 (17.77) | 0.58 (20.09) | 17.96 (34.44) | 1.17 (32.26) | 0.65 (15.74) | 22.92 (22.23) | 4.9 (21.78) | 4.52 (18.27) | 15.82 (33.94) | 14.47 (19.1) | 13.94 (23.05) | 0.739 |
Note: Data presented are mean (SD); variability is the coefficient of variation for a given variable. Number correct were determined during the dual-task condition only. Gait variables are the dual task cost calculated from both dual and single task trials (see text for further explanation). P-values are the interaction of group and time point for each variable from linear mixed effects models