Table 2.
Differences in distorted body image regarding body weight according to characteristics in each gender
| Men (n = 3552) | Women (n = 4811) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Characteristics | Classification | n (weighted %)/ M | Distorted (n = 1610) n (weighted %)/M (SD) | Non-distorted (n = 1942) n (weighted %)/M (SD) | X2/t (sig.) | n (weighted %)/M | Distorted (n = 1236) n (weighted %)/M (SD) | Non-distorted (n = 3575) n (weighted %)/M (SD) | X2/t (sig.) |
| Mean age | years | 54.67 | 54.99(5.59) | 54.40(5.71) | −4.67 (<.001) | 54.53 | 54.97(5.73) | 54.38(5.59) | −3.31 (.001) |
| Educational level (n = 7909) | Middle school and under | 938(25.9) | 469(28.5) | 469(23.8) | 9.43 (.001) | 1809(36.7) | 507(39.9) | 1302(35.6) | 6.69 (.004) |
| High school and over | 2386(74.1) | 1024(71.5) | 1362(76.2) | 2776(63.3) | 650(60.1) | 2126(64.4) | |||
| Having spouse (n = 8363) | Yes | 3371(94.6) | 1529(94.9) | 1842(94.4) | 0.37 (.552) | 4731(98.4) | 1215(98.3) | 3516(98.4) | 0.10 (.670) |
| No | 181(5.4) | 81(5.1) | 100(5.6) | 80(1.6) | 21(1.7) | 59(1.6) | |||
| Having job (n = 7904) | Yes | 2816(85.7) | 1269(86.5) | 1547(85.2) | 1.14 (.245) | 2702(58.6) | 694(58.9) | 2008(58.5) | 0.06 (.743) |
| No | 504(14.3) | 223(13.5) | 281(14.8) | 1882(41.1) | 462(41.1) | 1420(41.5) | |||
| Type of job (n = 5518) | White color | 990(35.7) | 419(34.4) | 571(36.8) | 1.70 (.114) | 699(25.7) | 156(22.8) | 543(26.7) | 4.27 (.017) |
| Blue color | 1826(64.3) | 850(65.6) | 976(63.2) | 2003(74.3) | 538(77.2) | 1465(73.3) | |||
| Income quintile (n = 8338) | The lowest | 877(24.8) | 423(26.2) | 454(23.6) | 8.37 (.007) | 1185(24.1) | 320(25.9) | 865(23.4) | 4.28 (.068) |
| Low | 897(25.2) | 434(26.5) | 463(24.2) | 1194(24.5) | 318(25.0) | 876(24.3) | |||
| Moderate | 869(24.5) | 372(23.2) | 497(25.5) | 1212(25.6) | 301(24.2) | 911(26.0) | |||
| High | 897(25.5) | 376(24.1) | 521(26.7) | 1207(25.8) | 295(24.8) | 912(26.2) | |||
| Number of family members (n = 8363) | 1 | 321(8.3) | 156(8.9) | 165(7.9) | 3.56 (.055) | 409(6.6) | 102(6.4) | 307(6.7) | 0.18 (.845) |
| 2–3 | 1991(53.0) | 928(54.1) | 1063(52.2) | 3097(64.0) | 798(64.4) | 2299(63.8) | |||
| 4 over | 1240(38.6) | 526(37.0) | 714(39.9) | 1305(29.4) | 336(29.2) | 969(29.5) | |||
| Health security (n = 8316) | National regional health insurance | 1244(35.3) | 571(35.0) | 673(35.5) | 2.65 (.113) | 1598(33.2) | 430(34.5) | 1168(32.8) | 3.54 (.057) |
| National workplace health insurance | 2137(60.6) | 954(60.3) | 1183(60.8) | 3013(63.3) | 756(62.7) | 2257(63.5) | |||
| Medical aid | 154(4.1) | 75(4.7) | 79(3.7) | 170(3.5) | 37(2.8) | 133(3.8) | |||
| Characteristics | Classification | n (weighted %)/M | Distorted (n = 1610) n (weighted %)/M (SD) | Non-distorted (n = 1942) n (weighted %)/M (SD) | X2/t (sig.) | n (weighted %)/M | Distorted (n = 1236) n (weighted %)/M (SD) | Non-distorted (n = 3575) n (weighted %)/M (SD) | X2/t (sig.) |
| Number of chronic diseases. | 0.48 | 0.39(0.63) | 0.55(0.73) | 11.11 (<.001) | 0.49 | 0.45(0.66) | 0.49(0.71) | 2.36 (.021) | |
| Regular health screening (n = 7922) | Yes | 2477(73.6) | 1089(72.5) | 1388(74.5) | 1.66 (.137) | 3497(75.0) | 896(76.3) | 2601(74.5) | 1.47 (.130) |
| No | 853(26.4) | 408(27.5) | 445(25.5) | 1095(25.0) | 262(23.7) | 833(25.5) | |||
| Regular cancer screening (n = 7920) | Yes | 2175(63.3) | 955(62.6) | 1220(63.9) | 0.55 (.374) | 3455(74.1) | 886(75.9) | 2569(73.5) | 2.53 (.036) |
| No | 1155(36.7) | 541(37.4) | 614(36.1) | 1137(25.9) | 272(24.1) | 865(26.5) | |||
| Perceived health status (n = 7949) | Good | 1056(32.3) | 508(35.8) | 548(29.5) | 14.82 (<.001) | 1092(23.6) | 266(23.0) | 826(23.9) | 0.32 (.531) |
| Bad or not bad | 2284(67.7) | 991(64.2) | 1293(705) | 3517(76.4) | 898(77.0) | 2619(76.1) | |||
| Daily activity limitation (n = 7927) | Yes | 261(7.4) | 117(7.2) | 144(7.6) | 0.16 (.608) | 380(8.0) | 95(7.2) | 285(8.3) | 1.56 (.090) |
| No | 3072(92.6) | 1381(92.8) | 1691(92.4) | 4214(92.0) | 1064(92.8) | 3150(91.7) | |||
| BMI, kg/m2 (n = 8363) | Less than 18.5 | 62(1.5) | 5(0.1) | 57(2.6) | 64.25 (<.001) | 101(2.2) | 8(0.8) | 93(2.6) | 101.02 (<.001) |
| 18.5–22.9 | 997(28.8) | 520(32.5) | 477(25.8) | 1922(41.1) | 628(52.8) | 1294(37.1) | |||
| More than 23.0 | 2493(69.7) | 1085(67.4) | 1408(71.6) | 2788(56.7) | 600(46.3) | 2188(60.3) | |||
| Body weight perception (n = 8363) | Underweight | 633(17.3) | 576(35.6) | 57(2.6) | 2340.15 (<.001) | 475(9.7) | 382(30.5) | 93(2.6) | 893.84 (<.001) |
| Normal | 1486(42.2) | 1009(62.8) | 477(25.8) | 1874(39.2) | 580(45.2) | 1294(37.1) | |||
| Overweight | 1433(40.5) | 25(1.7) | 1408(71.6) | 2462(51.1) | 274(24.3) | 2188(60.3) | |||
| Change in body weight (n = 8359) | No change | 2601(72.8) | 1223(75.4) | 1378(70.7) | 34.44 (<.001) | 3046(62.7) | 865(68.4) | 2181(60.7) | 73.21 (<.001) |
| Weight loss | 491(14.3) | 238(15.3) | 253(13.5) | 507(10.4) | 167(13.5) | 340(9.4) | |||
| Weight gain | 459(12.9) | 148(9.3) | 311(15.8) | 1255(26.9) | 202(18.1) | 1053(29.8) | |||
| Weight control effort (n = 8361) | Yes | 2242(63.2) | 911(57.6) | 1331(67.7) | 38.53 (<.001) | 3539(74.5) | 876(72.7) | 2663(75.1) | 2.59 (.074) |
| No | 1310(36.8) | 699(42.4) | 611(32.3) | 1270(25.5) | 358(27.3) | 912(24.9) | |||
| Menopause (n = 4811) | Yes | 3241(63.9) | 839(64.6) | 2402(63.7) | 0.31 (.587) | ||||
| No | 1570(36.1) | 397(35.4) | 1173(36.3) | ||||||
| Characteristics | Classification | n (weighted %) | Distorted (n = 1610) n (weighted %) | Non-distorted (n = 1942) n (weighted %) | X2/t (sig.) | n (weighted %) | Distorted (n = 1236) n (weighted %) | Non-distorted (n = 3575) n (weighted %) | X2/t (sig.) |
| Drinking (n = 8362) | Yes | 3395(95.8) | 1531(65.4) | 1864(96.0) | 0.92 (.268) | 4053(84.9) | 1026(83.9) | 3027(85.2) | 1.28 (.151) |
| No | 157(4.2) | 79(4.6) | 78(4.0) | 757(15.1) | 209(16.1) | 548(14.8) | |||
| Heavy drinker (n = 6103) | Yes | 1831(62.5) | 787(59.4) | 1044(65.0) | 9.73 (<.001) | 501(16.9) | 135(18.9) | 366(16.2) | 2.84 (.067) |
| No | 1141(37.5) | 566(40.6) | 575(35.0) | 2630(83.1) | 637(81.1) | 1993(83.8) | |||
| Smoking (n = 8356) | Yes | 2969(83.5) | 1332(82.6) | 1637(84.3) | 1.83 (.108) | 391(8.7) | 102(8.7) | 289(8.7) | 0.01 (.983) |
| No | 581(16.5) | 276(17.4) | 305(15.7) | 4415(91.3) | 1131(91.3) | 3284(91.3) | |||
| Regular walking (n = 5334) | Yes | 970(43.3) | 440(64.1) | 530(41.1) | 5.77 (.003) | 1544(51.9) | 374(50.6) | 1170(52.3) | 0.63 (.320) |
| No | 1326(56.7) | 590(53.9) | 736(58.9) | 1494(48.1) | 388(49.4) | 1106(47.7) | |||
| Energy Consumption (n = 7248) | Insufficient | 1484(50.3) | 667(50.2) | 817(50.3) | 0.01 (.918) | 2713(62.9) | 705(64.0) | 2008(62.6) | 0.73 (.251) |
| Excessive | 1438(49.7) | 659(49.8) | 779(49.7) | 1613(37.1) | 402(36.0) | 1211(37.4) | |||
| Stress (n = 8353) | Feeling a lot | 844(24.3) | 368(23.7) | 476(24.7) | 0.43 (.405) | 1205(25.7) | 329(27.8) | 876(25.0) | 3.74 (.031) |
| A little feeling | 2706(75.7) | 1240(76.3) | 1466(75.3) | 3598(74.3) | 902(72.2) | 2696(75.0) | |||
| Depressive symptoms (n = 4387) | Yes | 190(9.9) | 91(11.0) | 99(9.0) | 1.99 (.088) | 364(14.7) | 109(18.9) | 255(13.4) | 10.66 (<.001) |
| No | 1712(90.1) | 782(89.0) | 930(91.0) | 2121(85.3) | 507(81.1) | 1614(86.6) | |||
| Suicidal ideation (n = 4388) | Yes | 83(4.3) | 34(3.9) | 49(4.6) | 0.53 (.304) | 149(6.3) | 49(8.9) | 100(5.5) | 8.77 (.002) |
| No | 1820(95.7) | 839(96.1) | 981(95.4) | 2336(93.7) | 567(91.1) | 1769(94.5) | |||
BMI body mass index