Concomitant PARPi with TMZ inhibits glioma growth in TMZ resistant xenograft models. (A-B) The MRI images of ATRX NC and ATRX KO xenograft gliomas treated with control, TMZ or a combination of TMZ and olaparib (n = 7 per group). (C-D) Tumor volumes and the survival curves of nude mice in different groups. *** P < 0.001 and “ns” means not significant; Student's t-test. (E) The FADD, c-CASP3 and c-PARP1 levels of xenograft gliomas in different groups detected by IHC assays. Scale: 40 μm. The γ-H2AX expression level detected by IF. Scale: 40 μm. (F) IHC staining quantification of FADD, c-CASP3, c-PARP and γ-H2AX. *** P < 0.001 “ns” not significant, Chi-squared test.