Figure 2.

Microglial activation is altered with age following surgery. A, Microglial morphology in adult and aged brain with Iba1 staining (scale bar, 25 μm). Microglial in young adult brain showed small cell body with elongated and thin projections, while multiple short processes that form thick bundles around enlarged cell bodies were presented in the microglia from aged brain. B‐E, Western blot analysis revealed that aged mice had significantly increased Iba1 expression at 6 h after tibial fracture surgery. And the level of Iba1 was consistently higher in the aged than adult mice after tibial fracture surgery. All data are presented as the mean ± SEM. n = 4‐5; *P < .05 vs age‐matched sham; #P < .05, vs adult surgery, two‐way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni's post hoc test