Table 3.
Odds ratios for virologic failure in patients on first-line treatment for six or more months using logistic regression modelling.
| Parameter | Univariate model | Full multivariate model | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR (95% CI) | p-value | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | p-value | |
| Male gender (ref. women) | 1.36 (1.33–1.40) | <0.001 | 1.29 (1.25–1.35) | <0.001 |
| Age at ART start (Ref. 15–49 years): < 15 years | 2.44 (2.35–2.54) | <0.001 | 2.58 (2.37–2.81) | <0.001 |
| Age at ART start (ref. 15–49 years): 50 + years | 0.77 (0.75–0.80) | <0.001 | 0.90 (0.87–0.95) | <0.001 |
| Duration on ART (ref. 1–5 years): 6–12 months | 1.25 (1.21–1.31) | <0.001 | 1.34 (1.29–1.40) | <0.001 |
| Duration on ART (1–5 years): 5–10 years | 1.15 (1.13–1.18) | <0.001 | 1.28 (1.23–1.34) | <0.001 |
| Duration on ART (1–5 years): >10 years | 1.19 (1.11–1.27) | 0.004 | 1.62 (1.46–1.80) | <0.001 |
| CD4 cell count at ART start (ref. > 100) | 1.48 (1.44–1.53) | <0.001 | 1.46 (1.41–1.52) | <0.001 |
| Initiated at facility (ref. transferred from another facility) | 1.17 (1.14–1.20) | <0.001 | 1.39 (1.33–1.45) | <0.001 |
| TB status: TB symptoms (ref. no symptoms) | 1.18 (1.02–1.38) | 0.031 | 1.03 (0.84–1.27) | 0.767 |
| TB status: On TB treatment (ref. no symptoms) | 2.56 (2.25–2.92) | <0.001 | 1.78 (1.48–2.13) | <0.001 |
| Prior ART: PEP (ref. no prior exposure to ART) | 1.31 (1.01–1.71) | 0.041 | 0.99 (0.64–1.54) | 0.961 |
| Prior ART: PMTCT (ref. no prior PMTCT) | 0.78 (0.74–0.82) | <0.001 | 0.90 (0.84–0.97) | 0.003 |
| Prior ART: Prior ART >30 days (ref. no prior exposure to ART) | 1.15 (1.07–1.23) | 0.001 | 1.20 (1.08–1.32) | 0.001 |
ART: antiretroviral therapy; CI: confidence interval; OR: odds ratio; PEP: post-exposure prophylaxis; PMTCT: prevention of mother-to-child transmission.