Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of subjects in MRI datasets included in the meta-analysis.
| Study | Analysis | Number (female) | Mean age (year) | Durations (month) | Hearing loss | MRI scanner | Software | Smoothing (FWHM) | P value | Correction method | Quality score | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TIN | HS | TIN | HS | TIN | |||||||||
| VBM STUDIES | |||||||||||||
| Mühlau et al. (2006) | VBM | 28 (15) | 28 (15) | 40 | 39 | 53 | No | 1.5T | SPM2 | 8 | <0.05 | FDR | 10 |
| Landgrebe et al. (2009) | VBM | 28 (13) | 28 (13) | 32.2 | 31.2 | 53.3 | No | 1.5T | SPM2 | 10 | <0.05 | FDR | 10.5 |
| Boyen et al. (2013) | VBM | 31 (11) | 24 (8) | 56 | 58 | 12–348 | Yes | 3.0T | SPM5 | 8 | <0.05 | FWE | 10 |
| Melcher et al. (2013) | VBM | 24 (12) | 24 (12) | 46.9 | 45.8 | 4.8–480 | Mixed | 3.0T | SPM8 | 8 | <0.05 | FWE | 9.5 |
| Krick et al. (2015) | VBM | 22 (9) | 22 (9) | 42.6 | NA | 1.08 | Mixed | 3.0T | SPM8 | 10 | <0.05 | FWE | 9.5 |
| Allan et al. (2016) | VBM | 73 (30) | 55 (25) | 58.38 | 56.91 | NA | Mixed | 1.5/3.0T | SPM8 | 10 | <0.05 | FWE | 10.5 |
| Schmidt et al. (2018) | VBM | 15 (5) | 15 (6) | 55.13 | 52.93 | >12 | Mixed | 3.0T | SPM12 | 10 | <0.05 | FWE | 10 |
| Han et al. (2018b) | VBM | 21 (12) | 21 (12) | 44.1 | 43.5 | 20 | No | 3.0T | SPM8 | 8 | <0.01 | AlphaSim correction | 10 |
| ReHo STUDIES | |||||||||||||
| Jin et al. (2011) | ReHo | 20 (12) | 20 (13) | 41 | 49.1 | NA | Mixed | 1.5T | SPM2 | NA | <0.005 | Uncorrected | 8.5 |
| Yang et al. (2014) | ReHo | 18 (4) | 20 (5) | 43 | 42 | 16.8 | Mixed | 3.0T | SPM5 | NA | <0.05 | FWE | 9.5 |
| Chen et al. (2015) | ReHo | 29 (13) | 30 (15) | 40.9 | 46.2 | 39.5 | No | 3.0T | SPM8 | 4 | <0.01 | AlphaSim correction | 10.5 |
| Cai et al. (2017) | ReHo | 10 (6) | 10 (6) | 39.6 | NA | NA | Mixed | 3.0T | Dpabi | 4 | <0.001 | TFCE | 8.5 |
| Han et al. (2018a) | ReHo | 25 (15) | 25 (15) | 44.64 | 43.96 | 14 | No | 3.0T | SPM8 | 4 | <0.001 | AlphaSim correction | 10.5 |
| Han et al. (2018b) | ReHo | 21 (12) | 21 (12) | 44.1 | 43.5 | 20 | No | 3.0T | SPM8 | 4 | <0.05 | AlphaSim correction | 10 |
| Fan (2018) | ReHo | 7 (2) | 14 (4) | 40.86 | 48.50 | >3 | Mixed | 3.0T | SPM8 | 6 | <0.05 | GRF | 8.5 |
FDR, false discovery rate; FWE, family-wise error correction; FWHM, full width at half maximum; GRF, gaussian random field; HS, healthy subjects; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; NA, not available; ReHo, regional homogeneity; SPM, statistics parameter mapping; T, tesla; TFCE, threshold-free cluster enhancement; TIN, patients with tinnitus; VBM, voxel-based morphometry.