Table 1. Clinical characteristics and biochemical assessments of the patients included in the study.
| Variable | CVD (n=110) | Non-CVD (n=22) | P-value |
| Characteristics | |||
| Age (years) | 66.7±9.5 | 59.1±12.2 | <0.01 |
| Sex (M/F) | 88 / 22 | 13 / 9 | NS |
| Smoker (%) | 77.3 | 63.6 | NS |
| Alcoholism (%) | 47.3 | 36.4 | NS |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 28.1±4.3 | 28.7±3.1 | NS |
| Comorbidities | |||
| HT (%) | 79.1 | 54.6 | <0.05 |
| DM (%) | 48.2 | 36.4 | NS |
| CVD | |||
| PAD (%) | 66.4 | 0 | <0.0001 |
| TIA (%) | 39.1 | 0 | <0.0001 |
| AAA (%) | 18.2 | 0 | <0.05 |
| Pharmacological treatment | |||
| Antiaggregants (%) | 86.4 | 18.2 | <0.0001 |
| Beta-blockers (%) | 28.2 | 13.6 | NS |
| ACEI/ARA2 (%) | 51.8 | 22.7 | <0.05 |
| CCB (%) | 22.7 | 13.6 | NS |
| Statins (%) | 84.6 | 4.6 | <0.0001 |
| Laboratory data | |||
| eGFR (mL/min/1.73m2) | 89.8±13 | 98.0±15.6 | <0.05 |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 0.83±0.2 | 0.76±0.1 | 0.08 |
| Albumin (g/dL) | 3.9±0.6 | 4.1±0.5 | 0.13 |
| Calcium (mg/dL) | 9.1±0.5 | 9.5±0.5 | <0.001 |
| Phosphorus (mg/dL) | 3.5±0.5 | 3.5±0.8 | NS |
| Uric acid (mg/dL) | 5.8±1.4 | 6.1±1.4 | NS |
| Glucose (mg/dL) | 111.7±29.1 | 116.8±33.8 | NS |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 165.7±43.3 | 186.0±33.2 | 0.06 |
| HDL (mg/dL) | 43.8±11.0 | 48.2±16.0 | NS |
| NLR | 3.7±2.1 | 2.9±1.4 | 0.19 |
| CRP (mg/dL) | 5.3±4.8 | 1.5±0.7 | <0.0001 |
| Klotho (pg/mL) | 487.8 (357-645.7) | 954.1 (605.1-1365) | <0.001 |
| TNFα (pg/mL) | 1.11 (0.81-1.50) | 1.46 (0.78-2.0) | NS |
| IL10 (pg/mL) | 3.91 (0.60-7.25) | 10.30 (3.94-25.14) | <0.01 |
| TNFα/IL10 | 0.39 (0.15-1.82) | 0.16 (0.06-0.45) | <0.01 |
BMI, body mass index; HT, hypertension; DM, diabetes mellitus; PAD, peripheral artery disease; TIA, transient ischemic attack; AAA, abdominal aortic aneurysm; ACEI/ARA2, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor/angiotensin receptor antagonist 2; CCB, calcium channels blockers; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; NLR, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio; CRP, C-reactive protein; TNFα, tumor necrosis factor alpha; IL10, interleukin 10; NS, not significant.