Table 2. Clinical characteristics and biochemical assessments of patients with established CVD stratified by tertiles of serum Klotho levels.
| Variable | Tertile 1(<391.1 pg/mL) (n=37) | Tertile 2(391.1-591.8 pg/mL) (n=37) | Tertile 3(>591.8 pg/mL) (n=36) | P-value |
| Characteristics | ||||
| Age (years) | 67.7±9.3 | 68.3±8.6 | 64.2±8.6 | NS |
| Sex (M/F) | 31 / 6 | 27 / 10 | 30 / 6 | NS |
| Smoking (%) | 81.1 | 75.7 | 73 | NS |
| Alcoholism (%) | 51.4 | 37.8 | 51.4 | NS |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 29.0±4.1 | 27.8±4.1 | 27.4±4.6 | NS |
| Co-morbidities | ||||
| HT (%) | 81.1 | 81.1 | 75.0 | NS |
| DM (%) | 54.1 | 54.0 | 36.1 | NS |
| Pharmacological treatment | ||||
| Antiaggregants (%) | 83.8 | 86.5 | 88.9 | NS |
| Beta-blockers (%) | 32.4 | 27.1 | 25.0 | NS |
| ACEI/ARA2 (%) | 51.4 | 59.5 | 44.4 | NS |
| CCB (%) | 16.2 | 32.4 | 19.4 | NS |
| Statins (%) | 89.2 | 89.2 | 75.0 | NS |
| Laboratory data | ||||
| eGFR (mL/min/1.73m2) | 88.7±11.2 | 87.4±13.4 | 93.0±13.4 | 0.13 |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 0.84±0.2 | 0.84±0.2 | 0.81±0.2 | NS |
| Albumin (g/dL) | 4.0±0.6 | 3.8±0.6 | 3.9±0.6 | NS |
| Calcium (mg/dL) | 9.1±0.5 | 9.2±0.5 | 9.2±0.4 | NS |
| Phosphorus (mg/dL) | 3.5±0.5 | 3.5±0.4 | 3.6±0.5 | NS |
| Uric acid (mg/dL) | 5.87±1.6 | 6.2±1.3 | 5.4±1.3 | NS |
| Glucose (mg/dL) | 110.4±26.1 | 113.5±32.5 | 111.2±28.9 | NS |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 157.6±48.1 | 169.4±40.9 | 171.8±54.9 | NS |
| HDL (mg/dL) | 42.3±12.8 | 43.9±10.4 | 44.1±11.8 | NS |
| NLR | 3.7±2.1 | 3.8±2.2 | 3.6±1.9 | NS |
| CRP (mg/dL) | 4.1±2.9 | 3.5±2.8 | 3.2±2.6 | NS |
| TNFα (pg/mL) | 1.13 (0.88-1.65) | 1.02 (0.82-1.35) | 1.02 (0.69-1.39) | <0.05 |
| IL10 (pg/mL) | 1.05 (0.51-5.81) | 2.17 (0.55-4.9) | 4.03 (0.58-5.19) | NS |
| TNFα/IL10 | 0.73 (0.26-1.81) | 0.63 (0.19-1.77) | 0.28 (0.15-1.99) | 0.09 |
BMI, body mass index; HT, hypertension; DM, diabetes mellitus; ACEI/ARA2, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor/angiotensin receptor antagonist 2; CCB, calcium channels blockers; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; NLR, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio; CRP, C-reactive protein; TNFα, tumor necrosis factor alpha; IL10, interleukin 10; NS, not significant.