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Serum creatinine levels. Serum creatinine levels were expressed as the mean ± standard deviation (mg/dl). ■P<0.05 vs. the Sham group. *P<0.05 and **P<0.01 vs. the IRI group. APC, anesthetic preconditioning; IPC, ischemic preconditioning; IRI, ischemia reperfusion injury.
