. 2019 Dec 30;32(3):666–682. doi: 10.1105/tpc.19.00157

Table 1. Accumulation of Exogenous Metabolites in Leaf Discs.

Compound	Metabolite Level Ratio (Exposed/Nonexposed ± se)
Amino acids
Gly	5.2 ± 1.1^a
Ala	5.6 ± 0.2^a
Val	50.4 ± 5.1^a
Leu	105.6 ± 5.4^a
Ile	98.9 ± 9.1^a
Met	47.8 ± 4.3^a
Phe	39.9 ± 3.9^a
Pro	39.9 ± 4.2^a
Ser	15.0 ± 1.6^a
Thr	13.2 ± 1.0^a
Asn	6.0 ± 2.0^a
Gln	8.8 ± 0.9^a
Glu	1.4 ± 0.3^a
Asp	1.2 ± 0.1^a
Lys	34.8 ± 4.3^a
Arg	8.2 ± 2.5^a
GABA	8.3 ± 0.8^a
Carbohydrates
Suc	1.5 ± 0.6^a
Glc	1.2 ± 0.5^a
Fru	1.5 ± 0.2^a
Mannitol	101.3 ± 10.3^a
Maltose	5.0 ± 1.0^a
TCA cycle organic acids
Citrate	1.1 ± 0.1^a
Aconitate	1.0 ± 0.1^a
Isocitrate	1.4 ± 0.2^a
α-Ketoglutarate	2.0 ± 0.3^a
Succinate	1.4 ± 0.1^a
Fumarate	1.0 ± 0.04^a
Malate	1.0 ± 0.01^a
Glycolytic metabolites
Gluconate	26.0 ± 3.2^a
Glycerol	13.3 ± 0.8^a
Glucose-6-phosphate	2.7 ± 0.2^b
Fructose-6-phosphate	5.3 ± 0.8^b
3-Phosphoglycerate	2.0 ± 0.1^a
PEP	8.0 ± 2.1^c
Pyruvate	3.1 ± 0.5^c

Leaf disc samples were incubated for 4 h in the presence of the indicated exogenous metabolite, and the fold increase of that metabolite versus control incubations was determined. Significant increases are indicated in boldface (t test, P < 0.05).

Determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.

Determined by liquid chromatography-quadrupole/time-of-flight-mass spectrometry.

Determined by enzymatic analysis.