Table 1.

Characteristics of participants in both survey years (n 4277)

(Numbers of participants and weighted percentages)

Characteristic	1993–1993 (n 1788)		2010–2011 (n 2489)		P*
	n	Weighted %	n	Weighted %
Age group (n 4277)					0·001
Young (junior high school)	1110	49·5	1444	64·3
Older (senior high school)	678	50·5	1045	35·7
Sex (n 4277)					0·207
Male	894	53·2	1229	51·7
Female	894	46·8	1260	48·9
BMI categories (n 3255)†					0·001
Underweight	106	12·5	127	5·3
Normal weight	758	69·0	1436	65·9
Overweight	106	11·0	292	13·4
Obese	77	7·5	353	15·3
Smoking status (n 3254)					0·221
Non-smoker	1193	89·3	1729	92·1
Ever-smoker‡	139	10·7	193	7·9
Alcohol drinking status (n 3471)					0·662
Non-drinker	1213	80·3	1515	79·9
Ever-drinker‡	336	19·7	407	20·1
MET/week (kJ/kg per h) (n 3433)					0·079
Low (<125·5)	726	50·1	1058	55·3
High (≥125·5)	797	49·9	852	44·7
Total energy (kJ/d) (n 4277)					<0·001
Low (<7385)	967	50·1	726	28·8
High (≥7385)	821	49·9	1763	71·2
Dietary behaviour
Eats breakfast (n 4249)					0·064
Irregularly (<7 d/week)	556	28·4	862	33·2
Regularly (=7 d/week)	1205	71·6	1626	66·8
Eats lunch (n 4250)					0·006
Irregularly (<7 d/week)	208	10·8	456	16·7
Regularly (=7 d/week)	1554	89·2	2032	83·3
Eats dinner (n 4249)					0·505
Irregularly (<7 d/week)	169	10·1	311	11·3
Regularly (=7 d/week)	1592	89·9	2177	88·7

MET, metabolic equivalents.

^*P value based on the χ² test.

^†BMI was calculated as weight in kg divided by height in metres squared. BMI categories were based on the criteria developed by the Health Promotion Administration, Ministry of Health and Welfare. There were different cut-off points for males and females at different ages. Participants were classified into underweight, normal-weight, overweight, and obese⁽³⁰⁾.

^‡Ever-smoker: including former smokers and current smokers. Ever-drinker: consumes alcohol >0 times per month.