TABLE 2.
Lung functional characteristics of the 89 enrolled children.
| Functional characteristics | Non asthmatic SCD N = 30 (group 1) | Asthmatic SCD N = 30 (group 2) | Asthma without SCD N = 29 (group 3) | P Value | Intergroup Comparisons# |
| Baseline lung function | |||||
| FEV1; L | 2.17 [1.65; 2.64] | 1.97 [1.55; 2.38] | 2.06 [1.83; 2.50] | 0.383 | |
| FEV1, % predicted | 101 [85; 106] | 88 [78; 97] | 100 [92; 105] | 0.003 | 2 < 1 = 3 |
| FEV1 z-score | +0.07 [−1.17; +0.46] | −0.89 [−1.65; −0.26] | +0.00 [−0.60; +0.50] | 0.003 | 2 < 1 = 3 |
| FVC, L | 2.34 [1.94; 2.93] | 2.28 [1.87; 2.75] | 2.49 [2.22; 3.01] | 0.334 | |
| FVC, % predicted | 99 [86; 105] | 95 [84; 102] | 105 [99; 118] | 0.001 | 1 = 2 < 3 |
| FVC, z-score | −0.08 [−1.15; +0.41] | −0.43 [−1.24; +0.16] | +0.40 [−0.05; +1.44] | 0.001 | 1 = 2 < 3 |
| FEV1/FVC | 0.89 [0.86; 0.90] | 0.84 [0.80; 0.86] | 0.83 [0.79; 0.86] | 0.001 | 1 > 2 = 3 |
| FEV1/FVC, z-score | −0.00 [−0.44; +0.53] | −0.71 [−1.25; −0.29] | −0.99 [−1.57; −0.25] | 0.001 | 1 > 2 = 3 |
| Exhaled NO* | |||||
| Calv,NO, ppb (n = 83) | 3.2 [2.3; 5.3] | 3.4 [1.6; 5.4] | 7.1 [3.3; 11.4] | 0.003 | 1 = 2 < 3 |
| J’aw,N0, nL/min (n = 83) | 22 [16; 35] | 16 [9; 46] | 57 [24; 104] | 0.001 | 1 = 2 < 3 |
| FENO005,Ppb (n = 89) | 10.3 [6.9; 15.0] | 8.0 [5.4; 18.8] | 20.8 [13.8; 34.5] | 0.001 | 1 = 2 < 3 |
| Post-bronchodilator | |||||
| FEV1 L | 2.18 [1.73; 2.69] | 2.07 [1.70; 2.45] | 2.19 [1.92; 2.64] | 0.425 | |
| FEV1, % predicted | 104 [89; 109] | 94 [87; 103] | 108 [102; 117] | 0.001 | 1 = 2 < 3 |
| FEV1, z-score | +0.30 [−0.86; +0.64] | −0.49 [−1.03; +0.24] | +0.63 [+0.15; +1.33] | 0.001 | 1 = 2 < 3 |
| Bronchodilator response, % | +3 [−1; +5] | +4 [+2; +9] | +7 [+3; +12] | 0.004 | 1 < 2 = 3 |
| FVC, L | 2.40 [1.97; 2.85] | 2.29 [1.98; 2.74] | 2.51 [2.27; 3.15] | 0.277 | |
| FVC, % predicted | 100 [86; 107] | 96 [86; 104] | 110 [102; 117] | 0.001 | 1 = 2 < 3 |
| FVC, z-score | +0.02 [−1.09; +0.51] | −0.34 [−1.11; +0.32] | +0.77 [+0.15; +1.33] | 0.001 | 1 = 2 < 3 |
| FEV1/FVC, | 0.91 [0.88; 0.92] | 0.88 [0.84; 0.91] | 0.86 [0.83; 0.90] | 0.005 | 1 > 2 = 3 |
| FEV1/FVC, z-score | +0.47 [−0.25; +0.73] | +0.05 [−0.52; +0.36] | −0.36 [−0.74; +0.16] | 0.008 | 1 > 2 = 3 |
*Alveolar NO concentration (Calv,NO) and maximum NO flux from bronchial tree (J’aw,NO) were not obtained in six subjects in whom the linearity of the relationship between the exhaled NO flux and expiratory rate was not observed (failure of the model) (Mahut et al., 2006). #Post hoc two-group comparisons were performed using the Mann–Whitney U test or the chi-square test, as appropriate (see section “Materials and Methods”). For additional lung function tests, see Table A1.