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. 2020 Mar 3;10:3937. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-61002-5

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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(A) Overall frequency of AMR phenotypes in enterococci species isolates from across the one-health continuum. Upper panels for E. hirae, E. faecalis and E. faecium indicate prevalence of resistance to various numbers of drugs, while lower panels indicate drug resistance class profiles; (B) Correlation between isolation sources, Enterococcus species and antimicrobial resistance phenotypes (a measure of association was determined through Pearson’s correlation analysis); (C) Comparison of proportion of phenotypic AMR between enterococci isolated on antibiotic-free and macrolide (erythromycin) selective media. BP, beef processing (abattoir & retail meat); BF, bovine feces; CB, catch basin; NWS, natural water source; WW, waste water; clinical NS, clinical non-sterile; clinical S, clinical sterile; clinical VRE, clinical vancomycin resistant. ND (not detected/not determined/no data) indicates lack of data-points due to the absence or low detection of a particular Enterococcus species in a sector of continuum.