Table 5.
Univariate analysis of variables associated with 30-day mortality
| Variables | Alive (n = 79, %) | Dead (n = 30, %) | p value* |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years), mean ± SD | 66.5 ± 14.1 | 69.1 ± 13.7 | 0.40 |
| Male, n (%) | 26 (32.9) | 10 (33.3) | 1 |
| Department, n (%) | |||
| Surgical ward | 33 (41.8) | 3 (10.0) | 0.001 |
| Medical ward | 25 (31.6) | 13 (43.3) | 0.26 |
| ICU stay | 14 (17.7) | 9 (30.0) | 0.19 |
| Oncology-hematology ward | 7 (8.9) | 5 (16.7) | 0.30 |
| Underlying disease, n (%) | |||
| Solid tumor | 44 (55.7) | 16 (53.3) | 0.83 |
| Gastrointestinal disease | 35 (44.9) | 9 (30.0) | 0.19 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 21 (26.6) | 5 (16.7) | 0.32 |
| Neurologic disease | 20 (25.3) | 6 (20.0) | 0.62 |
| Cardiovascular disease | 16 (20.3) | 9 (30.0) | 0.31 |
| Liver disease | 12 (15.4) | 3 (10.0) | 0.55 |
| Hematologic malignancy | 2 (2.5) | 4 (13.3) | 0.04 |
| Charlson comorbidity index, median (IQR) | 3 (2–6) | 3 (2–6) | 0.53 |
| Risk factor, n (%) | |||
| Central venous catheter | 62 (78.5) | 24 (80.0) | 1 |
| Total parenteral nutrition | 50 (63.3) | 20 (66.7) | 0.82 |
| Previous abdominal surgery | 36 (45.6) | 9 (30.0) | 0.19 |
| Corticosteroids | 21 (26.6) | 13 (43.3) | 0.10 |
| Previous antifungals | 20 (25.3) | 11 (36.7) | 0.24 |
| Neutropenia | 3 (3.8) | 5 (16.7) | 0.03 |
| Immunosuppressive therapy | 5 (6.3) | 3 (10.0) | 0.68 |
| PITT score, median (IQR) | 0 (0–2) | 1 (0–3.25) | 0.05 |
| Clinical manifestation, n (%) | |||
| Sepsis | 32 (40.5) | 8 (26.7) | 0.26 |
| Severe sepsis | 24 (30.4) | 7 (23.3) | 0.63 |
| Septic shock | 4 (5.1) | 8 (26.7) | 0.003 |
| Candida species, n (%) | |||
| C. albicans | 39 (49.4) | 17 (56.7) | 0.52 |
| C. parapsilosis | 19 (24.1) | 8 (26.7) | 0.80 |
| C. glabrata | 12 (15.2) | 3 (10.0) | 0.75 |
| C. tropicalis | 4 (5.1) | 0 | 0.58 |
| C. krusei | 3 (3.8) | 3 (10.0) | 0.34 |
| Other Candida species | 3 (3.8) | 0 | 0.56 |
| Source, n (%) | |||
| Central venous catheter | 46 (58.2) | 19 (63.3) | 0.66 |
| Intra-abdominal | 14 (17.7) | 4 (13.3) | 0.77 |
| Primary | 8 (10.1) | 5 (16.7) | 0.34 |
| Urinary tract | 6 (7.6) | 1 (3.3) | 0.67 |
| Other sourcesb | 5 (6.3) | 1 (3.3) | 1 |
| Initial antifungal therapy, n (%) | |||
| Fluconazole | 53 (67.1) | 21 (70.0) | 0.30 |
| Echinocandins | 23 (25.3) | 6 (20.0) | 0.34 |
| Liposomal amphotericin B | 3 (3.8) | 3 (10.0) | 0.28 |
| Early adequate antifungal therapy, n (%) | 71 (89.9) | 27 (90.0) | 1 |
| Early adequate source control of infection, n (%) | 61 (95.3) | 17 (73.9) | 0.009 |
| Persistent candidemia, n (%) | 16 (20.5) | 7 (30.4) | 0.39 |
| ICU admission due to candidemia, n (%) | 3 (3.8) | 7 (23.3) | 0.004 |
| Intervention period, n (%) | 41 (51.9) | 12 (40.0) | 0.29 |
| All bundle elements successfully completed, n (%) | 55 (69.6) | 15 (50.0) | 0.07 |
ICU intensive care units
aOther Candida species include: 1 C. lusitaniae, 1 C. dublinensis and 1 C. incospicua
bOther sources include: 1 chorioamnionitis, 2 peripheral catather; 2 infective endocarditis, 1 infection from prosthesis
*P values < 0.05 are shown in bold