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. 2019 Aug 3;33(4):640–650. doi: 10.5713/ajas.19.0262

Table 4.

Volatile aroma compounds (μg/g) of cooked pork longissimus thoracis et lumborum muscle from cull sows and finishing pigs

Items Retention time (min) Finishing pork Sow pork p-values Identification method1)
Aldehydes
 2-methyl-propanal 1.936 0.01±0.002) 0.01±0.00 0.0556 MS+STD
 3-methyl-butanal 2.697 0.02±0.01a 0.002±0.00b 0.0033 MS+STD
 2-methyl-butanal 2.806 0.05±0.01a 0.01±0.00b 0.0058 MS+STD
 Pentanal 3.181 0.01±0.00 0.002±0.00 0.1146 MS+STD
 2-methyl-pentanal 3.281 0.04±0.01 0.05±0.00 0.6552 MS+STD
 Hexanal 6.085 0.50±0.10b 0.73±0.02a 0.0416 MS+STD
 Heptanal 9.260 0.04±0.01 0.05±0.01 0.5701 MS+STD
 (E), 2-Heptenal 10.748 0.04±0.00b 0.06±0.00a 0.0009 MS+STD
 Benzaldehyde 10.868 0.11±0.00b 0.14±0.01a 0.0037 MS+STD
 Octanal 11.915 0.07±0.02 0.11±0.02 0.1452 MS+STD
 Benzene acetaldehyde 12.876 0.01±0.00 nd - MS
 (E),2-octenal 13.189 0.002±0.00b 0.01±0.00a 0.0018 MS+STD
 (E), 2-Decenal 13.981 0.03±0.02 0.02±0.00 0.6472 MS+STD
 Nonanal 14.198 0.09±0.02 0.07±0.02 0.5550 MS+STD
 Decanal 16.229 0.01±0.00 0.01±0.00 0.8472 MS+STD
 (E,E), 2,4-Decadienal 18.295 0.01±0.00 0.01±0.00 0.1402 MS+STD
 2-Undecenal 18.999 0.004±0.00 nd - MS
 E-2-decenal 19.075 0.003±0.00 nd - MS
 Dodecanal 19.823 0.002±0.00 0.003±0.00 0.0929 MS+STD
 Tridecanal 21.677 0.001±0.00 0.001±0.00 0.1825 MS+STD
 Total aldehydes 1.02±0.16b 1.25±0.05a 0.0458
Alcohols
 1-Pentanol 5.026 0.01±0.002) 0.01±0.00 0.5220 MS+STD
 1-Heptanol 11.103 0.03±0.00 0.04±0.00 0.0963 MS+STD
 1-Octen-3-ol 11.343 0.02±0.00 0.04±0.00 0.2326 MS+STD
 2-ethyl-1-hexanol 12.516 nd 0.01±0.00 - MS
 Total alcohols 0.06±0.01 0.07±0.01 0.4646
Pyrazines
 2,5-dimethyl-pyrazine 9.558 0.01±0.00 0.01±0.00 0.8533 MS+STD
 2,6-dimethyl pyrazine 9.690 0.01±0.00 0.01±0.00 0.7396 MS+STD
 2-ethyl-3,5-dimethyl-pyrazine 13.575 0.01±0.00 0.01±0.00 0.1572 MS
 Total pyrazines 0.03±0.00 0.03±0.00 0.1014
Sulfur-and nitrogen-containing compounds
 Carbon disulfide 1.862 0.01±0.00a 0.001±0.00b 0.0435 MS
 3-(methylthio)-propanal 9.391 0.01±0.00 nd - MS+STD
 4-Methylthiazole 11.423 0.16±0.02 nd - MS+STD
 1-ethyl-2(1H)-Pyridinone 16.602 nd 0.01±0.00 - MS
 Total sulfur-and nitrogen-compounds 0.17±0.02a 0.02±0.00b <0.0001
Ketones
 2-heptanone 8.911 0.03±0.01b 0.12±0.03a 0.0178 MS+STD
 2,5-dimethyl-3-hexanone 10.554 nd 0.09±0.00 - MS
 2,5-octanedione 11.472 0.12±0.01 nd - MS+STD
 Total ketone 0.15±0.02b 0.21±0.04a 0.0102
Furans
 2-pentyl furan 11.581 0.11±0.01b 0.73±0.09a <0.0001 MS+STD
 2-n-Heptylfuran 15.812 0.01±0.00b 0.04±0.00a 0.0047 MS+STD
 2-n-Octylfuran 17.889 0.04±0.00b 0.08±0.01a <0.0001 MS+STD
 Total furans 0.15±0.02b 0.84±0.01a <0.0001
Hydrocarbons
 Bezene 1.690 0.04±0.00a 0.01±0.00b 0.0278 MS
 2-Propenoic acid 2.136 0.02±0.00 0.01±0.00 0.0571 MS
 Toluene 4.929 0.03±0.00a 0.01±0.00b 0.0097 MS+STD
 Butanoic acid 5.591 0.01±0.00 nd - MS+STD
 1,3-dimethyl-benzene 8.299 0.03±0.02b 0.21±0.06a 0.0041 MS
 Hexanoic acid 11.264 0.01±0.00 nd - MS
 Decane 11.847 0.02±0.00b 0.05±0.00a 0.0002 MS
 3-ethyl-2-methyl-1,3-hexadiene 12.562 0.01±0.00 nd - MS
 2,2-dimethyl heptane 13.034 0.01±0.00 0.01±0.00 0.1892 MS
 2,2,6-trimethyl octane 13.290 0.02±0.00 0.003±0.00 0.2716 MS
 Z,3-Dodecene 14.765 0.05±0.01b 0.15±0.04a 0.0103 MS
 Benzoic acid 15.450 0.11±0.07 0.18±0.06 0.4708 MS
 Octanoic acid 15.534 0.17±0.10 0.01±0.00 0.1878 MS
 1-phenyl 1,2-Propanedione 15.932 0.03±0.01 0.03±0.00 0.9512 MS
 E-1,9-Dodecadiene 16.098 0.12±0.06 0.01±0.00 0.1314 MS
 Nonanoic acid 17.271 0.10±0.03a 0.01±0.00b 0.0104 MS
 2-methyl-undecane 17.471 0.04±0.01 0.08±0.01 0.2518 MS
 3,4-dimethyl heptane 18.190 0.06±0.02 0.17±0.01 0.2602 MS
 3,7-dimethyl decane 18.614 0.12±0.06 0.34±0.03 0.4392 MS
 Total hydrocarbons 1.04±0.02 1.13±0.08 0.3187 MS

nd, not detected; -, insufficient data for calculation.

1)

Identification method: The compounds were identified by either mass spectra (MS) from library or authentic standards (STD).

2)

Means±standard errors.

a,b

Means within a same row with different letters differ significantly.