. 2018 Dec 12;121(2):588–601. doi: 10.1152/jn.00543.2018

Table 1.

Participant characteristics

	Middle-Aged	Older	Difference	P Value
Age, yr	48 ± 6	73 ± 4	25 ± 2	2.20e⁻¹⁶
Age, yr	[45, 51]	[71, 75]	[21, 28]
Pegboard time, s	53.1 ± 8.8	70 ± 11	17 ± 3	2.71e⁻⁶
Pegboard time, s	[49.1, 57.1]	[65, 76]	[11, 24]
Grip strength, kg	41 ± 11	38 ± 10	2.8 ± 3.4	0.4122
Grip strength, kg	[36, 46]	[33, 43]	[−9.53, 3.99]
Cognitive function, au	29.71 ± 0.56	29.60 ± 0.75	0.11 ± 0.21	0.5867
Cognitive function, au	[29.46, 29.97]	[29.25, 29.95]	[−0.54, 0.31]
Wrist extension strength, N	103 ± 38	96 ± 28	7.2 ± 10.5	0.4927
Wrist extension strength, N	[86, 120]	[82, 109]	[−28, 14]
CoP distance, cm	9.52 ± 0.97	8.7 ± 1.2	0.85 ± 0.34	0.0168
CoP distance, cm	[9.08, 9.96]	[8.1, 9.2]	[0.2, 1.5]

Values are means ± SD [95% confidence interval] for middle-aged and older adults. Difference values are means ± SE [95% confidence interval]. Center of pressure (CoP) distance represents the maximal anterior distance (cm) during maximal whole body lean.