Table 1.

Training failures per minute and percent change

Measure	VR with Perturbations	VR without Perturbations	Unaltered View
Testing failures change (%)	−42.4 (16.7)	−9.1 (20.4)*	−44.2% (12.5)
Training failures (min−1)	32.6 (9.3)	32.6 (10.0)	14.9 (5.7)*

Average percent change in failures per minute from pretest to posttest are shown for the 3 viewing groups, with standard error bars (n = 10 for each group). Negative percent change indicates that subjects improved balance performance in posttest compared with pretest. Asterisk denotes significantly less percent change in the virtual reality (VR) training without perturbations group compared with the other 3 conditions. Average failures per minute during training are shown with standard error bars. Asterisk denotes significantly fewer training failures per minute during training with unaltered view compared with the other 3 conditions. Significant pairwise comparisons were performed using post hoc t-test with Bonferroni correction following significant ANOVA (P < 0.05 for both).