Figure 2. Root‐fungal‐microbial integrated networks.

Neighbouring plants communicate through their roots via exudates and volatile info‐chemicals. Root apices also communicate with mycorrhiza fungi and organize integrated root‐fungal networks. More than 90% of all plants, from liverworts up to angiosperms, form these symbiotic networks, which improve plant nutrition via providing plants with water and critical nutrients. These symbiotic fungi also improve plant performance under stress and allow plants to share messages and signals with neighbouring plants.