Table 3.
Effect of Apigenin Treatment on OVA-Induced Alterations in IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, IL-17, IFN-γ, and LTC-4 Levels in NLF in AR Mice.a
| Parameters | Treatment | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Normal | AR Control | MLT (10) | AP (5) | AP (10) | AP (20) | Per se | |
| IL-4 (pg/mL) | 58.09 ± 5.73 | 150.60 ± 6.51 b | 75.66 ± 5.28c,d | 136.90 ± 6.67 | 105.40 ± 4.71c,d | 86.57 ± 6.12 c, d | 62.60 ± 6.22 |
| IL-5 (pg/mL) | 45.81 ± 4.22 | 101.00 ± 4.49 b | 52.29 ± 2.98 c,d | 94.59 ± 3.81 | 78.05 ± 3.43 c,d | 54.17 ± 3.90 c,d | 36.84 ± 2.80 |
| IL-13 (pg/mL) | 77.49 ± 15.82 | 196.80 ± 13.85b | 103.90 ± 11.50c,d | 187.30 ± 13.26 | 156.40 ± 10.72c,d | 124.20 ± 13.32c,d | 87.02 ± 7.66 |
| IL-17 (pg/mL) | 2.79 ± 1.49 | 38.03 ± 2.51b | 7.54 ± 0.66 c, d | 33.23 ± 2.43 | 32.36 ± 2.33 | 32.10 ± 2.16 | 7.16 ± 0.69 |
| IFN-γ (pg/mL) | 71.28 ± 1.29 | 40.73 ± 1.88b | 65.09 ± 1.34 c,d | 44.40 ± 1.76 | 54.00 ± 2.64 c,d | 62.86 ± 3.52 c,d | 64.08 ± 1.30 |
| IL-4/IFN-γ ratio | 0.82 ± 0.10 | 3.75 ± 0.29 b | 1.16 ± 0.07 c, d | 3.10 ± 0.18 c | 2.00 ± 0.19 c,d | 1.38 ± 0.04 c,d | 0.98 ± 0.11 |
| LTC-4 | 18.38 ± 3.75 | 95.11 ± 3.53 b | 41.09 ± 4.37 c,d | 93.41 ± 1.61 | 86.48 ± 2.83 | 87.93 ± 3.08 | 22.35 ± 1.00 |
Abbreviations: ANOVA, analysis of variance; AR, allergic rhinitis; AP (5), apigenin (5 mg/kg) treated; AP (10), apigenin (10 mg/kg) treated; AP (20), apigenin (20 mg/kg) treated; IFN-γ, interferon gamma; IL, interleukin; LTC-4, Leukotriene C4; MLT (10), montelukast (10 mg/kg) treated; NLF, nasal lavage fluid; OVA, ovalbumin; SEM, standard error of the mean.
a Data are represented as Mean ± SEM (n = 4-6) and analyzed by one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey multiple range test. Figures in parentheses indicate dose in mg/kg.
b P < .05 as compared with normal group.
c P < .05 as compared with AR control group.
d P < .05 as compared montelukast with apigenin.