Table 1.

Observational studies.

Author	No. of eyes	Mean follow-up in months (range)	Visual acuity evolution (logMAR)	Anatomical evolution	Comments
Theodossiadis et al. [23]	41	37.1 (25–54)	73% of eyes: stable VA 27% of eyes: VA loss (19.5% eyes lost 5–15 letters)	Diameter increased by 13.7%∗ Foveal thickness decreased by 10.3%∗	Metamorphopsia 75.6% eyes: initial 95% eyes: final No cataract progression
Bottoni et al. [24]	34 10 eyes with “thicker ERM”	18 (6–24)	Mean VA stable VA slightly worse at baseline∗∗	Diameter stable in 79% eyes Decrease of foveal thickness: 3% at 24 months∗∗ Thinner foveas at baseline ∗ 30% IS/OS defects (vs 12.5% in “typical ERM”)	1/10 developed FTMH (compared with 1/24 in eyes with “typical ERM”)
Celik et al. [25]	21	21.6	Initial VA 0.51 Final VA 0.55	3 had IS/OS defects at baseline ⟶ 2 developed defects
Pang et al. [15]	145 42.7% with LHEP 57.3% ERM without LHEP	26	Initial VA 0.51 5% of eyes lost 0.3 lines Initial VA 0.33 4% of eyes lost 0.3 lines∗∗	18% anatomical progression 88% IS/OS disruption 13% anatomical progression 24% IS/OS disruption	No significant difference in the percentage of eyes that lost 0.3 logMAR lines
Zampedri et al. [26]	189 eyes Intact IS/OS line 66.1% Intact ELM 78.3% 38% “atypical ERM”	68 eyes—12 months 35 eyes—24 months	VA has not changed significantly VA slightly worse in “atypical ERM”	Mean diameter increased significantly in both groups Foveal thickness decreased significantly in the “atypical ERM” group
Purtskhvanidze et al. [27]	17	111 (75–155)	Initial VA 0.2 Final VA 0.3	Decrease of foveal thickness∗ Increased diameter∗ Increased IS/OS defects∗	2/3 of LMH and MPH remain stable after 8.3 years
Marques et al. [28]	49 53% LHEP	32		No differences in anatomical progression in patients with or without LHEP
Compera et al. [29]	34 (100% with LHEP)	40.5		IS/OS defects: 65% at baseline 85% at final visit	Loss of VA correlates with maximal LMH diameter and IS/OS defects

^∗Statistically significant difference; ^∗∗no significant difference.