Table 1.
Baseline characteristics.
| Variables | All (n = 813) |
DKD (n = 231) |
No DKD (n = 582) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, y | 64 ± 7 | 68 ± 8 | 63 ± 6 |
| Women | 234 (29%) | 62 (27%) | 174 (30%) |
| Glomerular filtration rate (eGFR, mL/min) | 77 ± 14 | 70 ± 17 | 80 ± 12 |
| Glomerular filtration rate (eGFR, mL/min) <60 | 90 (11%) | 90 (39%) | 0 |
| Microalbuminuria (albumin-creatinine ratio ≥3 g/mol) | 164 (20%) | 164 (71%) | 0 |
| Body mass index (BMI, kg/m2) | 30 ± 4.6 | 30 ± 4.5 | 30 ± 4.6 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 142 ± 20 | 147 ± 19 | 139 ± 20 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 81 ± 11 | 82 ± 10 | 81 ± 11 |
| Fasting glucose (mmol/L) | 8.7 ± 2.6 | 8.9 ± 3.0 | 8.6 ± 2.4 |
| Triglycerides (mmol/L) | 1.8 ± 1.1 | 1.9 ± 1.1 | 1.8 ± 1.1 |
| Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (mmol/L) | 2.7 ± 0.8 | 2.7 ± 0.8 | 2.8 ± 0.8 |
| High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (mmol/L) | 1.3 ± 0.3 | 1.2 ± 0.3 | 1.3 ± 0.3 |
| Glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c, mmol/L) | 51 ± 12 | 53 ± 13 | 51 ± 12 |
| Treatment with insulin | 209 (26%) | 66 (29%) | 143 (25%) |
| Oral antidiabetic drug treatment | 480 (59%) | 152 (66%) | 328 (56%) |
| Previous cardiovascular disease | 247 (30%) | 101 (44%) | 146 (25%) |
| Statin treatment | 415 (51%) | 125 (54%) | 290 (50%) |
| Smoking | 123 (15%) | 28 (12%) | 95 (16%) |
Data are shown as mean ± SD, or as n (%).