Fig. 6.

Sinomenine inhibits oligomeric amyloid beta-induced production of inflammation-related molecules in human astrocytes. The human astrocytes were treated with oligomeric amyloid beta (ADDL) in the absence or presence of sinomenine, and the levels of inflammation-related molecules were assessed. Treatment of astrocytes with ADDL led to an increase in the levels of inflammation-related molecules. Sinomenine inhibited ADDL-induced increase in the levels of these molecules (n = 6). Sinomenine alone did not affect the basal level of these molecules. Asterisks denote significant difference (p < 0.05) and $ indicates p < 0.057 from control. # indicates significant difference (p < 0.05) between groups as indicated