Table 3.

Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis for overall survival(OS) in Ewing tumor patients

	Univariate		Multivariate
Variables	HR (95% CI)	p value	HR (95% CI)	p value
Age (years)
≤ 10	Reference	< 0.001***	Reference	< 0.001***
11–20	1.873 (1.388–2.528)	< 0.001***	1.549(1.144–2.099)	0.005**
21–30	2.351 (1.674–3.301)	< 0.001***	1.808(1.278–2.556)	0.001**
31–49	3.494 (2.410–5.064)	< 0.001***	3.481(2.379–5.094)	< 0.001***
≥ 50	4.557 (2.831–7.336)	< 0.001***	4.307 (2.648–7.006)	< 0.001***
Gender
Male	Reference
Female	0.905 (0.746–1.099)	0.313
Race
White	Reference	0.008**	Reference	0.011*
Black	2.120 (1.321–3.403)	0.002**	2.104 (1.296–3.416)	0.003**
Other	1.025 (0.715–1.469)	0.894	1.107 (0.706–1.465)	0.928
Primary site
Limb	Reference	< 0.001***	Reference	0.004**
Cranial	1.139 (0.730–1.778)	0.566	1.480 (0.922–2.377)	0.104
Spine	1.478 (1.034–2.111)	0.032*	1.458 (0.999–2.129)	0.051
Thoracic	1.062 (0.796–1.418)	0.681	0.909 (0.675–1.226)	0.532
Pelvic	1.855 (1.493–2.305)	< 0.001***	1.462 (1.151–1.858)	0.002**
Tumor size (cm)
< 5	Reference	< 0.001***	Reference	< 0.001***
5–8	1.395 (1.025–1.898)	0.034*	1.386 (1.005–1.911)	0.046*
> 8	1.985 (1.493–2.640)	< 0.001***	1.877 (1.376–2.561)	< 0.001***
Tumor extent
Localized	Reference	< 0.001***	Reference	< 0.001***
Regional	1.512(1.148–1.991)	0.003*	1.373 (1.033–1.823)	0.029*
Metastatic	3.820(2.897–5.038)	< 0.001***	3.259 (2.425–4.379)	< 0.001***
Cancer-directed surgery
No	Reference		Reference
Yes	0.571 (0.473–0.690)	< 0.001***	0.933 (0.749–1.172)	0.536
Radiation
No	Reference		Reference
Yes	1.352 (1.122–1.630)	0.002**	1.065 (0.874–1.299)	0.531
Chemotherapy
No	Reference		Reference
Yes	0.426 (0.282–0.642)	< 0.001***	0.466 (0.290–0.685)	< 0.001***

p value < 0.05*, < 0.01**, < 0.001***