Table 7.

Antibiotic use and related practices (n = 374).

Questions	Levels	Responses	Highland crop-livestock (n = 128)		Lowland crop-livestock (n = 126)		Mid/lowland pastoral (n = 124)		Overall
			freq	%	freq	%	freq	%	freq	%
P1_Do you consume milk from animals who were just treated with antimicrobials?	Desirable	No	115	90.5	99	85.3	13	11.4	227	63.6
	Undesirable	Yes	12	9.5	17	14.7	101	88.6	130	36.4
P2_Do you consume meat from animals who were just treated with antimicrobials?	Desirable	No	102	80.3	68	58.6	2	1.8	172	48.2
	Undesirable	Yes	25	19.7	48	41.4	112	98.3	185	51.8
P3_How long do you use antibiotics in animals?	Desirable	As advised	127	100	99	79.2	33	27.7	259	69.8
	Undesirable	Until animal(s) cured; Until package empty; As long as I can afford; One time treatment; Continuously over extended period	0	0	26	20.8	86	72.3	112	30.2
P4_What do you do with expired veterinary drugs?	Desirable	Dispose of, Return to pharmacy; don't receive	117	91.4	56	45.5	118	98.3	291	78.4
	Undesirable	Give to other farmer; Use for intended treatment; Nothing	11	8.6	67	54.47	2	1.67	80	21.6
P5_How do you manage manure?	Desirable	Used as fertilizer; Use for fuel (incl. biogas); Sold for cash (fuel)	126	99.2	125	100	1	0.8	252	67.9
	Undesirable	Leave on farm; Open air; Discard into environment	1	0.8	0	0	118	99.2	119	32.1
P6_Do you have isolation pen for sick animals?	Desirable	Yes	87	68	72	57.1	21	17.5	180	48.1
	Undesirable	No	41	32	54	42.9	99	82.5	194	51.9
P7_Do you allow animals on treatment to immediately freely graze with other animals without quarantine for few days?	Desirable	No	97	75.8	66	52.4	62	51.7	225	60.2
	Undesirable	Yes	31	24.2	60	47.6	58	48.3	149	39.8
P8_What do you do if an animal dies from disease?	Desirable	Bury, burn	25	19.5	7	5.6	1	0.8	33	8.8
	Undesirable	Leave as it is; give to the dog; home consumption	103	80.5	119	94.4	119	99.2	341	91.2
P9_Who administers the antibiotics?	Desirable	Veterinarian; animal health practitioners	128	100	124	98.4	0	0	252	67.4
	Undesirable	Myself	0	0	2	1.6	120	100	122	32.6