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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Mar 4.
Published in final edited form as: Curr Opin Neurol. 2016 Dec;29(6):677–683. doi: 10.1097/WCO.0000000000000397

Table 1.

Incorporation of identified training parameters during specific physical interventions directed towards improved walking outcomes as described in published studies.

specificity amount intensity variability
conventional training
 traditional exercises low low low low*
therapist-assisted training
 treadmill with BWS medium high low-medium low
 aerobic treadmill training medium high high low
 overground training high medium low-high medium
 variable training high medium low-high high
robotic-assisted training
 exoskeletal devices medium high low low
 elliptical devices medium high low low-medium
ankle devices
 ankle foot orthoses -- medium** -- --
 FES systems -- medium** -- --

Classification of low, medium, high delineate the relative contribution of each parameter during this intervention; where selected interventions vary in their application of some of these interventions (* - traditional exercise may provide practice of variable tasks but not variable stepping practice; ** -AFOs and FES systems in themselves may allow greater practice)