Table 1.

Colloidal characterization of TiO₂ (E171) before digestion and in small intestinal phase digesta.

	Sample	ζ (mV)	D[3,2] (μm)	D[4,3] (μm)	Dv10 (μm)	Dv50 (μm)	Dv90 (μm)
Before digestion	FFM control	-	-	-	-	-	-
	FFM+TiO2	−40.5 ± 0.5	0.14 ± 0.01	0.60 ± 0.01	0.19 ± 0.01	0.57 ± 0.01	1.07 ± 0.01
	SFM control	−44.3 ± 1.7	0.46 ± 0.01	9.39 ± 1.81	0.145 ± 0.01	0.87 ± 0.01	29.9 ± 2.3
	SFM+TiO2	−44.0 ± 0.6	0.52 ± 0.01	9.89 ± 0.05	0.18 ± 0.01	0.83 ± 0.01	37.5 ± 0.4
Small intestinal digesta	FFM control	−20.9 ± 0.7	5.01 ± 0.21	16.7 ± 1.7	2.27 ± 0.05	6.44 ± 0.42	37.3 ± 4.1
	FFM+TiO2	−20.9 ± 0.2	1.46 ± 0.05	35.8 ± 9.6	0.66 ± 0.01	2.32 ± 0.01	42.5 ± 2.4
	SFM control	−33.2 ± 0.9	6.73 ± 0.02	15.9 ± 12.7	2.60 ± 0.01	18.5 ± 0.4	68.4 ± 3.5
	SFM+TiO2	−27.6 ± 0.8	2.29 ± 0.07	42.2 ± 29.8	0.91 ± 0.01	3.44 ± 0.20	43.9 ± 10.6