Table 4.
Intervention effects on cardiovascular risk profile and vascular function.
| Intervention effects on cardiovascular risk profile and vascular function | PATHwaya, mean (SD) | Usual care, mean (SD) | Effect size | P value | |||||||||
|
|
Baseline | 6 months | Baseline | 6 months |
|
|
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| Cardiovascular risk profile | |||||||||||||
|
|
Risk score (n=115), % | 15.9 (10.4) | 15.5 (10.5) | 14.5 (9.70) | 15.7 (10.9) | −0.36 | .03 | ||||||
|
|
Body mass index (n=120), kg/m² | 27.4 (3.60) | 27.5 (3.60) | 28.9 (4.20) | 29.2 (4.30) | −0.19 | .23 | ||||||
|
|
Body fatb (n=120), % | 28.7 (5.80) | 29.2 (5.80) | 30.8 (7.30) | 31.4 (7.10) | −0.03 | .85 | ||||||
|
|
Waist/hip ratio (n=120) | 0.95 (0.09) | 0.94 (0.08) | 0.96 (0.08) | 0.96 (0.08) | 0.08 | .07 | ||||||
|
|
Glucose (n=119), mmol/L | 5.72 (1.24) | 5.83 (1.26) | 5.70 (1.66) | 5.91 (1.88) | −0.10 | .48 | ||||||
|
|
Insulin (n=104), pmol/L | 61.3 (35.3) | 71.0 (52.3) | 57.1 (29.7) | 64.3 (34.9) | 0.03 | .81 | ||||||
|
|
HOMA1-IRc (n=104) | 2.30 (1.61) | 2.73 (2.42) | 2.07 (1.11) | 2.46 (1.61) | −0.02 | .99 | ||||||
|
|
Total cholesterol (n=120), mmol/L | 3.82 (0.97) | 3.81 (1.01) | 3.66 (0.95) | 3.84 (1.08) | −0.25 | .15 | ||||||
|
|
High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (n=120), mmol/L | 1.29 (0.36) | 1.28 (0.33) | 1.30 (0.41) | 1.34 (0.47) | −0.18 | .29 | ||||||
|
|
Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (n=120), mmol/L | 1.96 (0.79) | 1.95 (0.80) | 1.84 (0.78) | 2.01 (0.87) | −0.26 | .12 | ||||||
|
|
Triglycerides (n=120), mmol/L | 1.25 (0.66) | 1.25 (0.65) | 1.11 (0.57) | 1.20 (0.56) | −0.35 | .31 | ||||||
|
|
Systolic blood pressure (n=120), mmHg | 126 (17.0) | 127 (16.0) | 125 (13.0) | 131 (20.0) | −0.27 | .10 | ||||||
|
|
Diastolic blood pressure (n=120), mmHg | 79.0 (11.0) | 79.0 (10.0) | 78.0 (9.00) | 83.0 (10.0) | −0.49 | .004 | ||||||
| Vascular function | |||||||||||||
|
|
Brachial artery diameter in rest (n=109), mm | 4.17 (0.68) | 4.13 (0.62) | 4.26 (0.65) | 4.33 (0.61) | −0.17 | .30 | ||||||
|
|
Brachial artery diameter post occlusion (n=109), mm | 4.49 (0.73) | 4.49 (0.66) | 4.60 (0.75) | 4.63 (0.66) | −0.01 | .92 | ||||||
|
|
Flow-mediated dilatation (n=109), % | 8.10 (7.40) | 8.90 (4.90) | 8.00 (6.40) | 6.94 (5.20) | 0.28 | .20 | ||||||
|
|
IMTd left (n=114), mm | 0.72 (0.15) | 0.68 (0.21) | 0.71 (0.16) | 0.68 (0.15) | 0.14 | .83 | ||||||
|
|
IMT right (n=116), mm | 0.68 (0.17) | 0.67 (0.20) | 0.65 (0.16) | 0.65 (0.17) | 0.14 | .66 | ||||||
aPATHway: Physical Activity Toward Health.
bFat%: fat percentage.
cHOMA1-IR: Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance.
dIMT: intima media thickness.