Table 2.
Cardiovascular, Mortality, and Renal Outcomes by Treatment Group, Montreal Cognitive Assessment Score, and Gait Speed
| Intensive treatment n/CIF | Standard treatment n/CIF | Hazard ratio (95% Cl) | Interaction P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Primary CVD outcome | ||||
| Overall | 75/.13 | 106/.18 | .67 (.50-.90) | |
| MoCA score | .01 | |||
| >18 (<HS)/>20 (≥HS) | 37/.11 | 72/.19 | .49 (.33–.73) | |
| ≤18 (<HS)/≤20 (≥HS) | 35/.16 | 34/.16 | 1.04 (.65–1.66) | |
| Gait speed | .24 | |||
| ≥.8 m/s | 38/.09 | 62/. 18 | .56 (.37–.84) | |
| <.8 m/s | 33/.18 | 41/.19 | .79 (.50–1.23) | |
| All-cause mortality | ||||
| Overall | 69/.11 | 92/.15 | .67 (.49-.92) | |
| MoCA score | .003 | |||
| >18 (<HS)/>20 (≥HS) | 24/.06 | 57/.15 | .39 (.24-.64) | |
| ≤18 (<HS)/≤20 (≥HS) | 42/.21 | 35/.17 | 1.19 (.72–1.97) | |
| Gait speed | .23 | |||
| ≥.8 m/s | 33/.09 | 49/.14 | .57 (.36–.90) | |
| <.8 m/s | 33/.15 | 38/.18 | .90 (.56–1.47) | |
| Primary CVD outcome + mortality | ||||
| Overall | 111/.20 | 152/.25 | .65 (.51–.83) | |
| MoCA score | <.001 | |||
| >18 (<HS)/>20 (≥HS) | 47/.13 | 106/.27 | .40 (.28–.57) | |
| ≤18 (<HS)/≤20 (≥HS) | 60/.31 | 46/.23 | 1.33 (.87–2.03) | |
| Gait speed | .13 | |||
| ≥.8 m/s | 58/.16 | 91/.26 | .55 (.40 .78) | |
| <.8 m/s | 49/.26 | 55/.26 | .79 (.54–1.16) | |
| 30% decline in eGFR | ||||
| Overall | 48/.09 | 17/.03 | 3.41 (1.92–6.06) | |
| MoCA score | .77 | |||
| >18 (<HS)/>20 (≥HS) | 30/.08 | 12/.03 | 2.97 (1.50–5.88) | |
| ≤18 (<HS)/≤20 (≥HS) | 18/.10 | 5/.03 | 3.14 (1.21–8.17) | |
| Gait speed | .98 | |||
| ≥.8 m/s | 26/.08 | 8/.02 | 3.47 (1.46–8.27) | |
| <.8 m/s | 22/.12 | 9/.04 | 3.63 (1.59–8.29) |
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; CVD, cardiovascular disease; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; HS, high school education; MoCA, Montreal Cognitive Assessment.
Note: CIF indicates cumulative incidence of event at median length of follow-up for each outcome. Median length of follow-up was 3.61 years for the primary CVD outcome, 3.75 years for all-cause mortality, 3.73 years for the composite of the primary CVD outcome and all-cause mortality, and 3.55 years for a 30% decline in eGFR. Primary CVD outcome includes nonfatal myocardial infarction, acute coronary syndrome not resulting in a myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, nonfatal acute decompensated heart failure, and death from cardiovascular causes. Renal outcome reflects ≥30% reduction in eGFR from baseline, measured twice at least 90 days apart. Hazard ratios reflect a comparison of the intensive treatment group vs standard treatment group based on Fine and Gray subdistribution hazard model accounting for the competing risk of death (for outcomes not including all-cause mortality), and Cox proportional hazards regression for outcomes including all-cause mortality.