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. 2019 Dec 10;39(10):2212–2223. doi: 10.1038/s41388-019-1137-3

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© The Author(s) 2019

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 3 — Epidermal-differentiation genes were analyzed by qRT-PCR (a) and western blot analysis (b) in HNSCCs cells. qRT-PCR data represent means ± SD (n = 3). c The heat map showing mutual exclusivity between KPNA4 expression and differentiation-related genes. Samples were divided according to mRNA expression levels [mRNA expression z-Scores (RNA-Seq V2 RSEM) >mean +2.0SD] from the TCGA cohorts. P values are based on the fisher exact test. Epidermal-differentiation genes and KPNA4 were analyzed by qRT-PCR (d) and western blot analysis (e, left) and quantification of KPNA4 proteins levels (e, right) in HaCaT cells. Data represent means (qRT-PCR, n = 3) or means ± SD (Western Blot, n = 3). f, g Expression profiles of KPNA4 and IVL in normal skin tissue (f). Bar = 30 μm. Fluorescent intensity was quantified (g). h, i Three-dimensional reflective index tomographic analysis (h) of HaCaT and HNSCC cells. MIP means maximum intensity projection. i Quantification of granulated particles were analyzed using TomoStudio. The two-tailed Student’s t test was used to analyze the potential statistical difference between two groups. *p < 0.05.