Table 2.
Correlations of the severity of depressive symptoms with inflammatory biomarkers in patients with CKD and ESKD
| Study | Study design | GRADE score | Sample | Depressive symptom measure (continuous score) | Biomarkers measured |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dogan et al.26 | Cross-sectional | Low | 43 HD | HAMD | Albumin, CRP |
| Kalender et al.27 | Cross-sectional | Low | 68 HD, 47 PD, 26 CKD | BDI | Albumin, CRP |
| Kalender et al.59 | Cross-sectional | Low | 68 HD, 47 PD, 26 CKD, 66 controls | SF-36 mental composite | Albumin, CRP |
| Dervisoglu et al.60 | Cross-sectional | Low | 31 HD, 31 PD, 31 CKD | BDI | IL-6, TNF-α |
| Simic Ogrizovic et al.9 | Prospective cohort | Low | 77 HD, 51 PD | BDI | Albumin, hsCRP, IL-6 |
| Bossola et al.33 | Cross-sectional | Low | 80 HD | BDI | Albumin, hsCRP, IL-6 |
| Ko et al.34 | Cross-sectional | Low | 81 PD | BDI | Albumin, hsCRP, TNF-α |
| Sonikian et al.61 | Cross-sectional | Low | 27 HD, 17 PD | Zung Self-Rating Depressoin Scale | IL-6 |
| Chilcot et al.38 | Prospective cohort | Low | 132 HD, 28 PD | BDI | Albumin, CRP |
| Hung et al.37 | Cross-sectional | Moderate | 146 HD | BDI | Albumin, hsCRP, IL-6 |
| Li et al.36 | Cross-sectional | Moderate | 142 PD | HAMD | Albumin, CRP |
| Choi et al.13 | Prospective cohort | Low | 81 HD | BDI | Albumin, hsCRP |
| Kim et al.41 | Cross-sectional | Low | 78 HD | BDI | Albumin, hsCRP |
| Taraz et al.44 | Cross-sectional | Moderate | 83 HD | BDI | Albumin, hsCRP, IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1 |
| Bornivelli et al.39 | Cross-sectional | Low | 45 HD | HAMD | CRP |
| Wang et al.43 | Cross-sectional | Moderate | 195 HD | HADS + SF-36 depression | Albumin, CRP, IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1 |
| Nowak et al.48 | Cross-sectional | Low | 694 HD | BDI | CRP |
| Knuth et al.49 | Cross-sectional | Low | 75 HD | BDI | IL-6 |
| Ekramzadeh et al.53 | Cross-sectional | Low | 110 HD | BDI | Albumin |
| Uglesic et al.62 | Cross-sectional | Low | 52 HD, 36 PD | BDI | Albumin, CRP, IL-6 |
| Jong et al.57 | Cross-sectional | Low | 129 HD | BDI | Albumin, hsCRP, IL-6, TNF-α |
| Zhao et al.63 | Randomized trial | High | 189 HD | BDI | IL-6 |
| Schricker et al.64 | Cross-sectional | Low | 26 HD, 13 PD | Allgemeine Depressionsskala | CRP, IL-6 |
BDI, Beck Depression Index; CKD, chronic kidney disease; CRP, C-reactive protein; ESKD, end-stage kidney disease; GRADE, Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation; HADS, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale; HAMD, Hamilton Depression Scale; HD, hemodialysis; hsCRP, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein; IL, interleukin; PD, peritoneal dialysis; SF-36, Short-Form Health-Related Quality of Life 36-item questionnaire; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α.