Table 3.
Distribution of Bronchiectasis According to Primary HRCT, Presented by Etiology
| Etiology | Bilateral, n (%) | Unilateral, n (%) | Diffuse | Multilobar | Unilobar |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Immunodeficiencya |
17 (85) |
3 (15) |
7 |
11 |
2 |
| Postinfection | 10 (50) | 10 (50) | 3 | 9 | 8 |
| Congenital malformationb | 2 (28.6) | 5 (71.4) | 1 | 3 | 3 |
| Asthma | 3 (75) | 1 (25) | 3 | 0 | 1 |
| Aspiration | 2 (40)c | 3 (60) | 2 | 2 | 1 |
| Idiopathic | 5 (83.3) | 1 (17.7) | 2 | 4 | 0 |
| Autoinflammatory/autoimmune | 4 (100) | 0 (0) | 3 | 1 | 0 |
| PCD | 0 (0) | 1 (100) | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| Carcinoid | 0 (0) | 1 (100) | 0 | 0 | 1 |
| Extrinsic allergic alveolitis | 1 (100) | 0 (0) | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| Total | 44 (63.8) | 25 (36.2) | 22 | 30 | 17 |
a
Immunodeficiency includes PIDs and SIDs.
b
Congenital malformation consists of tracheomalacia and/or bronchomalacia.
c
Frequently recurrent aspiration based on neurologic complications or muscular weakness due to mitochondrial disease and metabolic disorder (guanidinoacetate methyltransferase deficiency).
Diffuse, if ≥4 lobes involved; multilobar, 2 or 3 lobes involved; unilobar, 1 lobe involved; HRCT, high-resolution computed tomography; PCD, primary ciliary dyskinesia; PIDs, primary immunodeficiencies; SIDs, secondary immunodeficiencies.