Table 5.
Effect of the intervention on the occurrence of the parasites in children completing the study
| Indicators | Schistosoma haematobium (N=67) | STH (N=67) | H. nana (N=67) | P. falciparum (N=77) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A. lumbricoides | T. trichiura | Hookworms | ||||
| Baseline pretreatment (0) | ||||||
| No. of children infected | 47 | 4 | 6 | 2 | 9 | 7 |
| Prevalence: % (95% CI) | 70.1 (57.7 to 80.7) | 6.0 (1.7 to 14.6) | 9.0 (3.4 to 18.5) | 3.0 (0.4 to 10.4) | 13.4 (6.2 to 23.6) | 9.1 (3.7 to 17.8) |
| Infection level: % (95% CI) | ||||||
| Light | 7.5 (2.5 to 16.6) | 1.5 (0.0 to 8.0) | 9.0 (3.4 to 18.5) | 3.0 (0.4 to 10.4) | 13.2 (6.2 to 23.6) | - |
| Moderate | - | 4.5 (0.9 to 12.5) | 0 | 0 | 0 | - |
| Heavy | 62.7 (41.3 to 87.5) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | - |
| GM eggs count (95% CI) | 498 (312 to 795) | 4413 (11 to 13145) | 168 (60 to 366) | 55 (48 to 61) | 93 (72 to 117) | - |
| 1 mo post-treatment (1) | ||||||
| No. of children infected | 36 | 2 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 8 |
| Prevalence: % (95% CI) | 53.7 (41.1 to 66.0) | 3.0 (0.4 to 10.4) | 6.0 (1.7 to 14.6) | 1.5 (0.0 to 8.0) | 1.5 (0.0 to 7.9) | 10.4 (4.6 to 19.4) |
| Infection level: % (95% CI) | ||||||
| Light | 19.4 (10.8 to 30.9) | 3.0 (0.4 to 10.4) | 6.0 (1.7 to 14.6) | 1.5 (0.0 to 8.0) | 1.5 (0 to 7.9) | - |
| Moderate | - | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | - |
| Heavy | 34.3 (23.2 to 46.5) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | - |
| GM eggs count (95% CI) | 65 (50 to 84) | 51 (0 to 134) | 269 (120 to 437) | 243 | 243 | - |
| PRR (0→1): % (p-value)¹ | 23.5 (0.013) | 50.0 (0.688) | 33.3 (0.727) | 50.0 (1.000) | 88.6 (0.021) | −14.3 (1.000) |
| ERR (0→1): % (p-value)2 | 86.9 (<0.001) | 98.8 (0.356) | 60 (0.626) | - | - | - |
| New cases in % | 6.0 (4/67) | 3.0 (2/67) | 4.5 (3/67) | 1.5 (1/67) | 1.5 (1/67) | 3.9 (3/77) |
| 6 mo post-treatment (6) | ||||||
| No. of children infected | 51 | 3 | 2 | 0 | 8 | 2 |
| Prevalence: % (95% CI) | 76.1 (64.1 to 85.7) | 4.5 (0.9 to 12.5) | 3.0 (0.4 to 10.4) | 0.0 (0.0 to 5.4) | 11.9 (5.2 to 21.9) | 2.6 (0.3 to 9.1) |
| Infection level: % (95% CI) | ||||||
| Light | 11.9 (5.3 to 22.2) | 4.5 (0.9 to 12.5) | 1.5 (0.0 to 8.0) | 0 | 11.8 (5.2 to 21.9) | - |
| Moderate | 0 | 1.5 (0.0 to 8.0) | 0 | 0 | - | |
| Heavy | 64.2 (42.5 to 89.2) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | - |
| GM eggs count (95% CI) | 252 (162 to 391) | 477 (24 to 1320) | 344 (192 to 509) | 03 | 115 (86 to 150) | - |
| PRR (1→6): % (p-value)¹ | −41.7 (0.003) | −50.0 (1.000) | 50.0 (0.625) | 100 | −686.7 (0.039) | 75.0 (0.109) |
| PRR (0→6): % (p-value)¹ | −8.6 (0.424) | 25.0 (1.000) | 66.7 (0.289) | 100 | 10.6 (1.000) | 71.4 (0.180) |
| ERR (1→6): % (p-value)2 | −287.2 (<0.001) | −835.3 (0.357) | 28.0 (0.626) | - | - | - |
| ERR (0→6): % (p-value)2 | 49.4 (0.986) | 89.2 (0.411) | −104.8 | - | −23.7 (0,210) | - |
| Reinfection in % | 85.7 (12/14) | 33.30 (1/3) | 0.0 (0/5) | 0.0 (0/2) | 0.0 (0/9) | 40.0 (2/5) |
ERR, eggs reduction rate; GM, geometric mean of eggs count per 10 ml urine or 1 g of faeces in positive cases; PRR, prevalence reduction rate: (0→1) baseline to 1 mo, (1→6) 1 to 6 mo and (0→6) baseline to 6 mo after treatment.
¹McNemar test; 2paired sample t test; 3number of eggs.