Table 3.

Adjusted estimates for BMD measurement per SD increase of the adiposity indices^a

	Total	Male	Female	< 55 years old	≥55 years old
WC	0.009 (0.006, 0.013)	0.012 (0.006, 0.018)	0.011 (0.006, 0.016)	0.005 (−0.001, 0.010)	0.008 (0.003, 0.013)
WHR	0.005 (0.002, 0.008)	0.006 (0.001, 0.011)	0.008 (0.004, 0.012)	0.001 (−0.004, 0.005)	0.006 (0.002, 0.010)
WHtR	0.011 (0.008, 0.014)	0.015 (0.010, 0.020)	0.011 (0.008, 0.016)	0.009 (0.004, 0.014)	0.009 (0.005, 0.013)
BMI	0.020 (0.017, 0.024)	0.025 (0.018, 0.031)	0.019 (0.014, 0.024)	0.018 (0.012, 0.023)	0.017 (0.012, 0.022)
BFP	0.011 (0.007, 0.015)	0.012 (0.007, 0.018)	0.013 (0.008, 0.019)	0.008 (0.002, 0.013)	0.009 (0.004, 0.015)
VFI	0.021 (0.017, 0.025)	0.022 (0.017, 0.027)	0.019 (0.014, 0.025)	0.017 (0.011, 0.022)	0.013 (0.008, 0.018)

^aData are β (95% Confidence Interval). β indicates partial regression coefficient. Estimates were scaled to per SD for the adiposity indices (10.37 cm for WC, 0.080 for WHR, 0.064 for WHtR, 3.44 kg/m² for BMI, 6.27% for BFP, and 4.46 for VFI)

Data are adjusted for age, gender, FFM, education level, marital status, income level, smoking, alcohol intake, physical activity and dietary (meat and poultry, fresh fish, beans, vegetables and fruits)

Abbreviation: WC Waist circumference, WHR Waist to hip ratio, WHtR Waist to height ratio, BMI Body mass index, BFP Body fat percentage, VFI Visceral fat index, FFM Fat-free mass, BMD Bone mineral density