Table II.
A total of 13 differentially expressed genes were associated with the progression of leukemia.
| Author, year | Gene symbol | Full name | Role in leukemia | (Refs.) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prasad et al, 2014 | HELLS | Helicase, lymphoid specific | Specifically expressed in hematopoietic progenitor cells | (22) |
| Prasad et al, 2014; Nakahata et al, 2009 | EPC1 | Enhancer of polycomb homolog 1 | Lowly expressed in leukemia cells, involved in chromosomal translocation in ALL | (22,35) |
| Kramer et al, 2008 | RLIM | Ring finger protein, LIM domain interacting | A substrate of E3-ligase SIAH-1, contributing to the ubiquitin-dependent degradation of AML1-ETO and protein PML-retinoic acid receptor α fusion proteins | (23) |
| Espadinha et al, 2017 | PDCD4 | Programmed cell death 4 | A tumor suppressor, was repressed by phosphorylated STAT5 and microRNA-21 in chronic myeloid leukemia and AML models | (24) |
| Prasad et al, 2014; Meyer et al, 2018 | MLL (KMT2A) | Lysine methyltransferase 2A | Highly expressed in the lymphoid lineage, chromosomal rearrangements of MLL are associated with acute leukemias, and display a bad outcome | (22,25) |
| Zhang et al, 2015 | LARP4B | La ribonucleoprotein domain family member 4B | Involved in LSC maintenance, and may regulate the cell cycle of LSCs | (26) |
| Zhu et al, 2016; Chen et al, 2015 | JMJD1C | Jumonji domain containing 1C | A coactivator for RUNX1-RUNX1T1, mediates of MLL-AF9- and HOXA9-driven LSC function | (27,31) |
| Vu et al, 2017 | SYNCRIP | Synaptotagmin binding interacting cytoplasmic RNA protein | Interacts with MSI2 indirectly, controls the myeloid LSC program | (28) |
| Thiede et al, 2002; Cheng et al, 2018 | FLT3 | Fms related tyrosine kinase 3 | Internal tandem duplication of FLT3 results in the failure of leukemia treatment and contribute to a poor prognosis; significantly upregulated in AML and ALL, reduces survival rates | (20,29) |
| Pan et al, 2017; Christen et al, 2019 | DHX15 | DEAH-box helicase 15 | Regulates cell apoptosis through NF-κB signaling pathway, associated with poor prognosis in AML, with mutations in t(8;21) AML | (30,36) |
| Yao et al, 2015 | FANCD2 | FA complementation group D2 | May confer leukemia resistance to adriamycin via enhanced DNA interstrand crosslink repair | (32) |
| Liu et al, 2018 | ARID2 (BAF200) | AT-rich interaction domain 2 | Required for the maintenance of HSC homeostasis, ARID2 deficiency accelerates the progression of MLL-AF9-induced leukemia | (33) |
| Walker et al, 2019 | CKS1B | CDC28 protein kinase regulatory subunit 1B | Amplification (≥4 copies) of CKS1B was observed in high-risk multiple myeloma | (34) |
ALL, acute lymphoid leukemia; AML1-ETO, fusion protein acute myeloid leukemia 1 protein-protein ETO; AML, acute myeloid leukemia; LSC, leukemic stem cell; AF9, protein AF-9; HOXA9, homeobox protein Hox-A9; MSI2, musashi RNA binding protein 2; NF-κB, nuclear factor-κB; HSC, hematopoietic stem cell.