Table 1.
Risk factors of acquiring IMP-6 carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales among cases with abdominal surgery, Osaka, Japan, 2013–2014.
| Factors | Case | (%) | Median | Control | (%) | Median | OR | 95%CI | p | aOR* | 95%CI | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n = 11 | (IQR) | n = 24 | (IQR) | |||||||||
| Age, years old | 76 (65–78) | 71 (65–77.5) | 0.44 | 0.32 | ||||||||
| Male gender | 9 | (82) | 15 | (63) | 2.7 | (0.4–30.4) | 0.44 | 2.5 | (0.4–14.5) | 0.31 | ||
| ASA score | 2 (2–2) | 2 (2–2.5) | 0.22 | 0.11 | ||||||||
| Diabetes mellitus | 1 | (9) | 2 | (8) | 1.1 | (0.0–23.5) | 1.00 | 1.0 | (0.1–12.3) | 0.99 | ||
| Endoscopy within the past 6 months | 8 | (73) | 18 | (75) | 0.9 | (0.1–6.9) | 1.00 | 0.8 | (0.2–4.2) | 0.81 | ||
| Room share with cases | 7 | (64) | 10 | (42) | 2.5 | (0.5–14.4) | 0.29 | 2.2 | (0.5–10.0) | 0.30 | ||
| ICU admission | 9 | (82) | 16 | (67) | 2.3 | (0.3–25.7) | 0.45 | 2.6 | (0.4–17.0) | 0.32 | ||
| ICU admission days | 2 (1–4) | 1 (0–3.5) | 0.34 | 0.33 | ||||||||
| Pancreato-duodenectomy | 6 | (55) | 4 | (17) | 6.0 | (0.9–40.0) | 0.04 | 6.4 | (1.3–32.4) | 0.03 | ||
| Surgical site infection | 11 | (100) | 19 | (79) | — | (0.7 −) | 0.16 | — | — | — | ||
| Changing drains at fluoroscopy room | 11 | (100) | 13 | (54) | — | (2.2 −) | <0.01 | — | — | — | ||
| Continuous peritoneal lavage | 9 | (82) | 10 | (42) | 6.3 | (0.9–68.6) | 0.04 | 5.9 | (1.0–34.8) | 0.05 | ||
| Arterial line | 11 | (100) | 19 | (80) | — | (0.7 −) | 0.16 | — | — | — | ||
| Central venous line | 10 | (91) | 15 | (63) | 6.0 | (0.6–288.8) | 0.12 | 5.4 | (0.6–51.1) | 0.14 | ||
| Enteric fistula | 7 | (64) | 5 | (21) | 6.7 | (1.1–43.1) | 0.02 | 8.0 | (1.5–41.9) | 0.01 | ||
| Stoma | 1 | (9) | 10 | (42) | 0.1 | (<0.1–1.3) | 0.11 | 0.2 | (<0.1–1.4) | 0.10 | ||
| Enteral feeding | 6 | (55) | 8 | (33) | 2.4 | (0.4–13.2) | 0.28 | 2.6 | (0.6–11.4) | 0.22 | ||
| Carbapenem use | 2 | (18) | 10 | (42) | 0.3 | (<0.1–2.1) | 0.26 | 0.3 | (0.1–1.8) | 0.19 | ||
| Number of cultures | 7.0 (4–9) | 7.5 (4.5–11.5) | 0.37 | |||||||||
| Days of hospitalization | 20 (6–26) | 17 (6–34.5) | 0.80 |
*Adjusted by days of hospitalization.
†The univariate analyses of these variables were conducted by conditional logistic regression.
IQR: interquartile range; CI: confidence interval; QR: odds ratio; aOR: adjusted odds ratio; ASA: American Society of Anesthesiology; ICU: intensive care unit.