Ancona 2001.

Methods	RCT, 1992‐1997
Participants	96 participants Italy, single center 100% squamous cell Resectable T2,3 N0,1 18‐70 years No other cancers No metastases
Interventions	Cisplatin 100 mg/m2 × 1 day × 2‐3 cycles 5‐Fluorouracil 1000 mg/m2 × 5 days × 2‐3 cycles + esophagectomy + postop chemotherapy and radiation for residual disease vs esophagectomy (right thoracotomy, abdomen, left neck with gastric transposition, 2‐field lymph nodes + postop chemotherapy and radiation for residual disease)
Outcomes	Survival Rate of resection Response to chemotherapy Tumor recurrence Treatment morbidity and mortality
Notes	No difference in survival. Study stopped after 96/240 because of slow accrual. Only complete responders to chemotherapy had increased survival Ancona 1995 is a preliminary report (in Italian) on response to chemotherapy and morbidity and mortality with no survival data Ancona 1998 reports (in English) on a single institution subset of a larger multicenter trial. No significant survival advantage was seen with preoperative chemotherapy
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Low risk	Not stated
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Not stated
Blinding (performance bias and detection bias) All outcomes	Low risk	For primary outcome of interest
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes	Low risk	Not stated
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes	Low risk	Not stated
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	Low risk	Not stated