Table 1:
Sample Characteristics by Delivery Type
| Sample (N=828) |
Vaginal (N=490) |
Caesarean (N=338) |
|
|---|---|---|---|
| Mean(SD)/%(n) | |||
| Maternal characteristics | |||
| Maternal age, years | 26.6 (6.7) | 26.0 (6.6) | 27.1 (6.7)* |
| Maternal education, %secondary | 68.5 (614) | 66.1 (324) | 76.3 (258)** |
| Maternal ethnicity, %mestizo | 80.3 (719) | 79.8 (391) | 86.1 (291)*** |
| % indigenous | 11.3 (101) | 12.5 (61) | 3.9 (13)*** |
| Income, % bottom quintile | 30.0 (269) | 29.4 (144) | 24.0 (81)*** |
| % top quintile | 11.6 (104) | 8.0 (39) | 18.1 (61)*** |
| Region, %urban | 60.7 (544) | 58.6 (287) | 70.7 (239)*** |
| Marital status, %unmarried | 22.8 (204) | 21.6 (106) | 25.7 (87) |
| Parity, %primiparous | 37.9 (312) | 37.1 (125) | 38.4 (187) |
| Infant characteristics | |||
| Infant sex, %male | 51.2 (424) | 49.4 (242) | 53.9 (182) |
| Infant age at survey, mo | 15.7 (6.0) | 16.0 (6.1) | 15.3 (5.8) |
| Preterm, % yesa | 10.5 (94) | 6.5 (32) | 17.8 (60)*** |
| Birthweight, gm (n=572) | 3186 (532) | 3160 (551) | 3185 (491) |
| Low birthweight (n=572)b | 6 (35) | 6.7 (22) | 5.7 (13) |
| Breast feeding initiation, % yes | 98.4 (811) | 98.8 (481) | 97.9 (330) |
| Breast feeding duration, mo | 11.3 (5.4) | 11.8 (5.4) | 10.8 (5.4)** |
*
p<0.05,
**
p<0.01,
***
p<0.001 for difference between vaginally and Caesarean deliveries from chi-square for categorical variables or t-tests for continuous variables.
a
maternal report of birth prior to 9 months
b
birthweight <2500gm