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. 2018 May 8;2:2398212818772179. doi: 10.1177/2398212818772179

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© The Author(s) 2018

This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 License (http://www.creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits non-commercial use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access pages(https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage).

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Figure 11. — Simulation of cognitive working memory activity gradients by the LIST PARSE model. (Left panel) A short list of six items generates a primacy gradient. (Right panel) A longer list of 20 items, which exceeds the transient memory span of this network, generates a bowed gradient with extended recency. Note the smaller activities that are stored in response to 20 items than six items due to the normalising effect on total activity of the recurrent shunting on-centre off-surround dynamics that store these lists in working memory.

Source: Adapted with permission from Grossberg and Pearson (2008).