Fig 3. Associations between systolic blood pressure (SBP), pulse pressure (PP) and vision-threatening diabetic retinopathy (VTDR).

Multivariate -adjusted odds of VTDR according to: (A) SBP and (B) PP. Black line represents the predicted odds of any-DR from non-parametric logistic regression. Dashed lines represent 95% confidence limits for the nonparametric logistic regression estimates. The nonparametric logistic regression was adjusted for age, gender, ethnicity, diabetic duration, anti-diabetic medication use, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, HbA₁c, current smoking status, current alcoholic consumption, education level, income level, anti-hypertension medication use, BMI, history of CVD and CKD status.