Table 1. Characteristics of the studies included for the meta-analysis of fetuin-A and MetS.
| Study | Material | Country | NOS | Male gender,n(%) | BMI | Mean Age | FPG | SBP | DBP | HDL | Triglycerides | Methods | Frozen |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (Can et al., 2016) [34] | Serum | Turkey | 8 | 18(42) | 32.94±5.45 | 14.70±1.15 | 88.89±10.76 | 122.50±19.29 | 75.14±13.55 | 36.50±6.47 | 184.89±80.63 | ELISA | -80°C |
| (Huddam, Azak, Kocak, Bayraktar, & Sezer, 2013) [35] | Serum | Turkey | 7 | 8(32) | 34.56±2.63 | 49.20±8.60 | 115.96±3.62 | 130.48±22.60 | 78.52±16.90 | 45.32±8.81 | 188.64±75.31 | ELISA | -80°C |
| (Nagwa Abdallah Ismail et al., 2012) [36] | Serum | Egypt | 6 | 6(41) | 33.17±3.15 | 11.28±3.71 | 89.67±13.51 | 110.56±16.29 | 73.89±11.40 | 35.75±6.62 | 151.83±62.53 | ELISA | NR |
| (Nagwa Abdallah Ismail et al., 2012) [36] | Serum | Egypt | 6 | 14(40) | 35.63±2.66 | 27.60±7.90 | 96.61±13.29 | 119.17±15.74 | 78.33±9.24 | 42.44±9.75 | 118.50±44.71 | ELISA | NR |
| (Ix et al., 2006) [4] | Serum | USA | 8 | 151(84) | 27.00±5.00 | 69.00±12.00 | 81.00±29.00 | 86.00±15.00 | 58.00±18.00 | 33.50±1.40 | 99.30±23.50 | ELISA | -70°C |
| (Jialal et al., 2015) [9] | Serum | USA | 6 | 7(25) | 36.0±6.0 | 51.00±11.00 | 100.00±10.00 | 132.00±12.00 | 83.00±9.00 | 41.00±9.00 | 132.00±103.00 | ELISA | NR |
| (Ju et al., 2017) [23] | Serum | China | 5 | 217(100) | 28.58±3.16 | 48.57±12.25 | 95.83±18.4 | 137.84±18.25 | 86.47±13.19 | 27.7±9.52 | 173.03±12.08 | ELISA | NR |
| (Ju et al., 2017) [23] | Serum | China | 5 | 200(0) | 27.84±3.22 | 48.28±11.74 | 95.36±17.7 | 134.88±19.29 | 85.16±12.93 | 33.25±5.49 | 112.35±11.9 | ELISA | NR |
| (Kaess et al., 2012) [37] | Serum | USA | 8 | 1705(47) | 26.80±5.50 | 40.00±8.70 | 92.00±8.70 | 117.00±14.00 | 75.00±10.00 | 55.00±16.00 | 91.55±64.37 | ELISA | -80°C |
| (Kasabri et al., 2018) [8] | Serum | Jordan | 8 | 11(37) | 31.20±7.20 | 46.00±3.78 | 86.00±7.98 | 135.00±13.00 | 84.00±23.00 | 38.00±5.00 | 199.00±26.00 | ELISA | -80°C |
| (Koch et al., 2013) [38] | Serum | Germany | 8 | 139(58) | 25.90±2.33 | 65.00±5.80 | 84.50±7.70 | 140.00±120.00 | 80.00±7.80 | 33.00±7.00 | 93.00±56.00 | ELISA | -80°C |
| (Obuchi et al., 2014) [39] | Plasma | Japan | 5 | 43(26) | 24.00±3.00 | 66.50±9.20 | 103.70±21.80 | 136.80±18.30 | 83.40±11.00 | 54.90±15.80 | 113.60±82.90 | ELISA | NR |
| (Roos et al., 2010) [40] | Plasma | Germany | 8 | 103(87) | 27.00±3.40 | 60.70±6.90 | 105.70±27.30 | 120.90±16.10 | 72.90±9.00 | 36.88±9.10 | 140.00±110.00 | ELISA | -80°C |
| (Weghuber, Mangge, Hochbrugger, & Stulnig, 2014) [41] | Plasma | Austria | 5 | 36(66) | 28.30±2.30 | 44.00±8.00 | 81.50±6.30 | 137.00±23.00 | 88.00±9.80 | 39.00±6.00 | 123.00±32.00 | NR | NR |
| (Weghuber et al., 2014) [41] | Plasma | Austria | 5 | 30(43) | 29.20±3.50 | 13.00±2.90 | 71.20±5.50 | 85.00±13.00 | 61.00±11.00 | 31.00±5.00 | 91.00±16.00 | NR | NR |
| (Xu et al., 2011) [42] | Serum | China | 6 | 1367(56) | 25.60±3.60 | 61.50±9.60 | 108.70±16.30 | 141.00±22.00 | 80.00±10.00 | 35.00±6.00 | 115.00±32.00 | ELISA | NR |
| (Zachariah et al., 2017) [43] | Plasma | USA | 8 | 378(50) | 28.40±5.20 | 40.50±9.40 | 103.60±27.60 | 122.20±13.30 | 79.00±9.40 | 46.50±13.40 | 149.20±135.5 | ELISA | -80°C |
NOS, Newcastle-Ottawa Scale; BMI, Body Mass Index; ELISA, enzyme linked immunosorbent assay; NR, not report; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; SBP, systolic blood pressure; TG, Triglycerides; MetS, Metabolic syndrome; HDL,high-density lipoprotein. MetS was defined as the presence of 3 or more of the following: hypertriglyceridemia (≥150 mg/dL)or taking lipid-lowering drugs; elevated BP (≥85 mm Hg diastolic, ≥130 mm Hg systolic) or taking antihypertensive drugs; low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (<50 mg/dL in women,<40 mg/dL in men); hyperglycemia (fasting glucose ≥100 mg/dL) or taking hypoglycemic agents drugs or insulin; and increased waist circumference (≥88 cm for women, ≥102 cm for men).