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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Feb 15.
Published in final edited form as: Brain Res. 2019 Dec 3;1729:146582. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2019.146582

Figure 1. Existing pluripotent stem cell lines sample a limited fraction of ape diversity.

Figure 1.

Phylogeny describes the radiation of ape species since divergence from a common ancestor with old world monkeys, with gibbon and orangutan clades updated based on recent studies (Carbone et al., 2014; Nater et al., 2017). Second column indicates the approximate number of individuals currently reprogrammed across published papers. Note that although Neanderthal and Denisovan are extinct, a substantial portion of their genomes exists as introgressed alleles in human populations and is accessible to genetic mapping approaches (Vattathil and Akey, 2015). Third column shows approximate relative brain size across species based on the Comparative Mammalian Brain Collection (http://neurosciencelibrary.org)