Table 2.
Brain volumes mean and SD for CAH and control youth
| CAH | Control | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Males | Females | Males | Females | Group Difference F-statistic, P value | |
| Total brain volumes | |||||
| ICV ‡ | 1559479 ± 163595.50 | 1438723 ± 157480.10 | 1647836 ± 136404.50 | 1515500 ± 105509.60 | Group: F(1, 55) = 6.34, P = 0.01, ηp2 =0.10 Sex: F(1, 55) = 10.7, P = 0.002, ηp2 =0.17 |
| CSF ‡ | 1123.47 ± 445.98 | 1023.49 ± 187.06 | 911.70 ± 203.93 | 812.71 ± 145.31 | Group: F(1, 56) = 6.46, P = 0.01, ηp2 =0.10 Sex: F(1, 56) = 2.1, P = 0.16, ηp2 =0.04 |
| Total gray matter † | 605884.30 ± 58869.03 | 541305.40 ± 55596.74 | 645383.50 ± 39360.51 | 584338.20 ± 40641.82 | Group: F(1, 55) = 1.48, p = 0.23, ηp2 =0.03 Sex: F(1, 55) = 10.9, P = 0.002, ηp2 =0.17 |
| Amygdala † | |||||
| Right | 1724.07 ± 172.76 | 1557.87 ± 212.42 | 1873.87 ± 191.82 | 1689.65 ± 215.5 | Group: F(1, 55) = 1.10, p = 0.10, ηp2 =0.05 Sex: F(1, 55) = 1.47, p = 0.23, ηp2 =0.03 |
| Left | 1516.58 ± 166.03 | 1437.96 ± 216.11 | 1658.45 ± 176.89 | 1551.60 ± 176.05 | Group: F(1, 55) = 1.10, p = 0.30, ηp2 =0.02 Sex: F(1, 55) = 0.0004, p = 0.98, ηp2 <0.0001 |
| Hippocampus † | |||||
| Right | 4069.85 ± 817.28 | 3843.82 ± 390.82 | 4288.53 ± 337.15 | 4136.89 ± 407.37 | Group: F(1, 55) = 2.00, P = 0.16, ηp2 =0.04 Sex: F(1, 55) = 1.72, P = 0.20, ηp2 =0.03 |
| Left | 3750.32 ± 323.39 | 3662.90 ± 389.04 | 4149.08 ± 378.19 | 3921.53 ± 362.23 | Group: F(1, 55) = 6.97, P = 0.01, ηp2 =0.11 Sex: F(1, 55) = 0.94, P = 0.34, ηp2 =0.02 |
| Superior frontal cortex † | |||||
| Right | 35709.82 ± 4249.97 | 31901.44 ± 4740.10 | 39502.47 ± 3196.66 | 35363.80 ± 3014.59 | Group: F(1, 55) = 5.66, P = 0.02, ηp2 = 0.09 Sex: F(1, 55) = 4.01, P = 0.05, ηp2 = 0.07 |
| Left | 32669.64 ± 2806.22 | 29490.69 ± 4125.43 | 35863.13 ± 4071.86 | 32581.2 ± 2958.53 | Group: F(1, 55) = 4.36, P = 0.04, ηp2 = 0.07 Sex: F(1, 55) = 3.97, P = 0.05, ηp2 = 0.07 |
| Caudal middle frontal cortex † | |||||
| Right | 7700.45 ± 1681.72 | 7104.75 ± 1613 | 8634.20 ± 1796.09 | 8832.15 ± 1426.20 | Group: F(1, 55) = 8.46, P = 0.005, ηp2 =0.13 Sex: F(1, 55) = 2.92, P = 0.09, ηp2 = 0.05 |
| Left | 8221.09 ± 1427.20 | 7382.88 ± 1787.81 | 9615.33 ± 1707.55 | 8505.9 ± 1402.16 | Group: F(1, 55) = 5.31, P = 0.02, ηp2 =0.09 Sex: F(1, 55) = 1.44, P = 0.24, ηp2 = 0.03 |
| Rostral middle frontal cortex † | |||||
| Right | 15967.36 ± 2311.01 | 13749.25 ± 1837.47 | 16691.80 ± 1832.05 | 15089.20 ± 2119.11 | Group: F(1, 55) = 0.34, P = 0.56, ηp2 =0.006 Sex: F(1, 55) = 2.81, p = 0.09, ηp2 = 0.05 |
| Left | 15490.27 ± 1944.1 | 13004.19 ± 2068.18 | 16508 ± 2409.9 | 15561.95 ± 2010.04 | Group: F(1, 55) = 7.18, P = 0.009, ηp2 =0.12 Sex: F(1, 55) = 0.32, P = 0.58, ηp2 = 0.006 |
| Medial orbitofrontal cortex † | |||||
| Right | 5207.55 ± 694.62 | 5035.12 ± 794.31 | 5218.93 ± 920.63 | 5013 ± 800.24 | Group: F(1, 55) = 2.37, P = 0.13, ηp2 = 0.04 Sex: F(1, 55) = 0.91, P = 0.34, ηp2 = 0.02 |
| Left | 5194.27 ± 1266.51 | 5030.06 ± 563.45 | 5319.87 ± 661.67 | 4888.75 ± 641.86 | Group: F(1, 55) = 1.39, P = 0.24, ηp2 = 0.02 Sex: F(1, 55) = 0.04, P = 0.84, ηp2 = 0.0007 |
| Lateral orbitofrontal cortex † | |||||
| Right | 11313.73 ± 1017.28 | 10217.62 ± 1261.01 | 11351 ± 1243.4 | 10405.1 ± 868.41 | Group: F(1, 55) = 3.28, P = 0.07, ηp2 = 0.06 Sex: F(1, 55) = 2.43, P = 0.12, ηp2 = 0.04 |
| Left | 11154.36 ± 1196.43 | 10356.44 ± 1168.65 | 11593 ± 1159.35 | 10690.65 ± 969.28 | Group: F(1, 55) = 0.07, P = 0.79, ηp2 =0.001 Sex: F(1, 55) = 0.61, P = 0.43, ηp2 = 0.01 |
Abbreviations: ICV, intracranial volume; CSF, cerebrospinal fluid.
† Model (adjusted means for BMI z-score, bone age standard deviation, and ICV).
‡ Model (adjusted means for BMI z-score and bone age standard deviation).