Table 3. Distribution of thyroid cancer cases and controls and corresponding odds ratios (OR) according to cigarette smoking and alcohol drinking.

Variable		Cases	Controls	Adjusted OR* (95% CI)
Men and women
Smoking history	Never	292	271	1.00 (reference)
	Past	17	11	1.39 (0.58-3.34)
	Current	53	80	0.46 (0.28-0.76)
	≤15 cig./d	24	30	0.53 (0.27-1.02)
	16+ cig./d	24	43	0.33 (0.16-0.69)
				p trend = 0.001†
Alcohol-drinking	Never	172	141	1.00 (reference)
	Non-daily	155	167	0.75 (0.53-1.06)
	Daily	35	54	0.59 (0.35-1.01)
				p trend = 0.032
Men
Smoking history	Never	14	9	1.00 (reference)
	Past	7	7	0.68 (0.14-3.39)
	Current	36	41	0.57 (0.21-1.56)
	≤15 cig./d	10	9	0.46 (0.10-2.21)
	16+ cig./d	21	28	0.53 (0.18-1.58)
				p trend = 0.28†
Alcohol-drinking	Never	11	8	1.00 (reference)
	Non-daily	37	25	1.18 (0.40-3.50)
	Daily	9	24	0.37 (0.10-1.40)
				p trend = 0.032
Women
Smoking history	Never	278	262	1.00 (reference)
	Past	10	4	2.12 (0.64-6.98)
	Current	17	39	0.38 (0.20-0.71)
	≤15 cig./d	14	21	0.54 (0.26-1.15)
	16+ cig./d	3	15	0.19 (0.06-0.68)
				p trend = 0.002†
Alcohol-drinking	Never	161	133	1.00 (reference)
	Non-daily	118	142	0.67 (0.46-0.98)
	Daily	26	30	0.83 (0.44-1.55)
				p trend = 0.14

* : Matched on city, age, sex, and radiation dose; adjusted for family history of cancer and past history of goiter or thyroid nodule; and mutually adjusted for smoking history (never, past, current) and alcohol drinking (never, non-daily, daily).

† : From never” to “current, ≤15 cigarettes/day” and “current, 16+ cigarettes/day”.

CI: confidence interval