Table 1.
Baseline characteristics, duration of intervention and compliance with the intervention in the participants who completed the study
| Characteristic | All (n = 56) |
Placebo (n = 28) |
Lactolycopene (n = 28) | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 23.3 ± 2.89 | 23.3 ± 2.58 | 23.4 ± 3.22 | 0.855 |
| Smokers (n) | 8 | 4 | 4 | 1.0 |
| Street drug use | ||||
| Yes [n (%)] | 4 (7%) | 2 (7%) | 2 (7%) | 1.0 |
| No [n (%)] | 52 (93%) | 26 (93%) | 26 (93%) | |
| Underwear type (n) | ||||
| Tight | 34 | 17 | 17 | 1.0 |
| Loose | 22 | 11 | 11 | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 24.4 ± 3.18 | 23.5 ± 3.11 | 25.2 ± 3.08 | 0.049 |
| Alcohol consumption units/w [median (min–max)]a | 8 (0–40) | 7 (0–28) | 10 (0–40) | 0.136 |
| Plasma lycopene (µmol/l)b | 0.666 ± 0.255 | 0.689 ± 0.286 | 0.645 ± 0.226 | 0.532 |
| Number of intervention days [median (IQR)] | 84 (1.0) | 84 (1.0) | 84 (1.75) | 0.545 |
| (n = 50) | (n = 26) | (n = 24) | ||
| Percent compliance [median (IQR)]c | 95.8 (9.23) | 97.6 (8.48) | 94.3 (10.57) | 0.219 |
Mean ± SD (all such values) unless otherwise stated p: independent sample t test for continuous variables unless otherwise stated; Pearson’s Chi-square test for categorical variables
aNon-parametric Mann–Whitney U
b2 of the participants in the placebo arm had missing plasma lycopene at baseline
cCompliance was calculated as the total number of capsules returned as a percentage of the number of capsules expected to be consumed during the intervention period