Table 2.
Baseline semen quality (mean ± SD) of men randomized to receive lactolycopene or placebo
| All n = 56 |
Placebo n = 28 |
Lactolycopene n = 28 |
p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (a) Semen quality | ||||
| Abstinence (d)a | 3.2 ± 0.82 | 3.1 ± 0.54 | 3.3 ± 1.02 | 0.248 |
| Semen volume | 4.1 ± 1.66 | 4.0 ± 1.57 | 4.2 ± 1.77 | 0.635 |
| Sperm concentration (× 106/ml)a | 63.4 ± 50.79 | 56.8 ± 43.24 | 70.0 ± 57.40 | 0.523 |
| Percent motility (%) | 61.1 ± 23.78 | 62.8 ± 22.69 | 59.4 ± 25.13 | 0.597 |
| Fast progressive (%) | 11.2 ± 7.76 | 11.8 ± 6.96 | 10.6 ± 8.57 | 0.551 |
| Slow progressive (%) | 24.9 ± 14.51 | 26.3 ± 14.74 | 23.5 ± 14.40 | 0.474 |
| Non-progressive (%) | 25.0 ± 7.63 | 24.6 ± 6.67 | 25.3 ± 8.58 | 0.752 |
| Immotile (%) | 38.9 ± 23.79 | 37.2 ± 22.68 | 40.6 ± 25.14 | 0.598 |
| Motile sperm concentration (× 106/ml)b | 27.0 ± 31.03 | 26.2 ± 31.68 | 27.8 ± 30.93 | 0.597 |
| Sperm with normal morphology (%)a | 8.3 ± 5.40 | 9.1 ± 5.28 | 7.5 ± 5.48 | 0.144 |
| DNA damage (%)a | 1.5 ± 1.56 | 1.4 ± 1.65 | 1.6 ± 1.48 | 0.366 |
| (b) Clinical classificationc | ||||
| Normozoospermic (n) | 25 | 14 | 11 | 0.420 |
| Other (n) | 31 | 14 | 17 | |
p: independent sample t test or aNon-parametric Mann–Whitney U for continuous variables
bExpressed as the concentration of fast-progressive and slow-progressive sperm
cPearson chi squared