Fig. 2.

Salient features of ERP in 21 countries: role of ERP and price revision frequency*. Notes* The frequency of price revisions does not total 21 as many countries use more than one method to determine price revision frequency. For example, in Poland price revisions are taking place on an ad hoc basis and periodically at tiered intervals (every 2, 3, or 5 years). (1) Countries where ERP has a supportive role to price setting: Belgium, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Latvia, Poland, Spain, Brazil, The Russian Federation, Estonia. (2) Countries where ERP has a main role in price setting: Bulgaria, Greece, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Egypt, Jordan, Qatar, South Africa. (3) “Other” includes ad hoc, availability of new evidence, specific agreements, upon manufacturer’s request, etc. (4) Countries in the “other” frequency of price revisions: Estonia, Germany, Italy, Latvia, Poland, Spain, Egypt, Jordan, Russia, South Africa. (5) Countries in the “at launch only” frequency of price revisions: Belgium, Bulgaria, Germany, Hungary, Egypt, Qatar, Brazil. (6) Countries in the “biannually” frequency of price revisions: Greece, Bulgaria, Slovakia, Slovenia. (7) Countries in the “annually” frequency of price revisions: Estonia, Portugal, Romania. (8) Countries in the “every 5 years” frequency of price revisions: France.

Source: The authors based on the literature review findings and primary data collection