Table 2.
Base case | Input DSA | Distribution | References | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Costs | ||||
Gefitinib per cycle | €2526a | Gamma | [27] | |
Erlotinib per cycle | €2260a | Gamma | [27] | |
Afatinib per cycle | €2414a | Gamma | [27] | |
Osimertinib per cycle | €6106a | Gamma | [43] | |
Pemetrexed/cisplatin per cycleb | €3029a | Gamma | [27] | |
Best supportive care per cycle | €1775 | 1377; 2065k | Gamma | [44] |
Mutation test | €929 | 604; 906k | Gamma | [45] |
Tumour response assessmentc | €405 | 157; 236k | Gamma | [45] |
Outpatient visit | €83 | 65; 97k | Gamma | [46] |
Laboratory testsd | €77 | 60; 89k | Gamma | [26] |
Drug administration | €271 | 210; 315k | Gamma | [44] |
CNS progression osimertinib | €535 | 428; 642 | Gamma | [47] |
CNS progression standard-TKI | €1250 | 1000; 1500 | Gamma | [47] |
End-of-life | €2196 | 1703; 2555k | Gamma | [48] |
Home care per hour | €11 | 9;13 k | Gamma | [49] |
Indirect medical costs | €10,602l | 4578; 26,326 | Gamma | [50] |
Informal care per hour | €14 | 11; 17k | Gamma | [49] |
Travelling | €6e | 5; 7k | Gamma | [46] |
Productivity loss | €4068 | 3155; 4733k | Gamma | [51] |
ALT/AST increase | €464 | 360; 540k | Gamma | [27] |
Anaemia | €1953 | 1514; 2272k | Gamma | [49] |
Anorexia | €797 | 618; 927k | Gamma | [52] |
Asthenia | €813 | 631; 946f,k | Gamma | [49] |
Decreased appetite | €826 | 640; 961k | Gamma | [49] |
Decreased white blood cells | €1405 | 1089; 1634g,k | Gamma | [49] |
Diarrhoea | €2359 | 1830; 2744k | Gamma | [49] |
Dyspnoea | €467 | 362; 543k | Gamma | [27] |
Fatigue | €813 | 631; 946k | Gamma | [49] |
Febrile neutropenia | €3033 | 2353; 3,529k | Gamma | [49] |
Leukopenia | €1942 | 1507; 2260k | Gamma | [49] |
Nausea | €728 | 565; 847k | Gamma | [49] |
Neuropathy | €795 | 616; 924k | Gamma | [49] |
Neutropenia | €1405 | 1089; 1634k | Gamma | [49] |
Paronychia | €2359j | 1830; 2744k | Gamma | [49] |
Rash | €2359 | 1830; 2744k | Gamma | [49] |
Stomatitis | €4229 | 3280; 4920k | Gamma | [53] |
Vomiting | €728i | 565; 847k | Gamma | [49] |
Utilities | ||||
Progression-free | 0.71 | 0.67; 0.80 | Beta | [40] |
After progression | 0.67 | 0.59; 0.75 | Beta | [40] |
After progression on second line | 0.62 | 0.49; 0.74 | Beta | [40] |
Disutilities | ||||
ALT/AST increase | − 0 | 0; 0k | Beta | [54] |
Anaemia | − 0.125 | − 0.10; − 0.15k | Beta | [49] |
Anorexia | − 0.142 | − 0.114; − 0.170 | Beta | [55] |
Asthenia | − 0.074f | − 0.037; − 0.110 | Beta | [56] |
Decreased appetite | − 0.048 | − 0.016; − 0.080 | Beta | [49] |
Decreased white blood cells | − 0.090g | − 0.060; − 0.120 | Beta | [56] |
Diarrhoea | − 0.047 | − 0.016; − 0.078 | Beta | [56] |
Dyspnoea | − 0.256 | − 0.204; − 0.307k | Beta | [55] |
Fatigue | − 0.074 | − 0.037; − 0.110 | Beta | [56] |
Febrile neutropenia | − 0.090 | − 0.058; − 0.122 | Beta | [49] |
Leukopenia | − 0.090 | − 0.059; − 0.120 | Beta | [49] |
Nausea | − 0.048 | − 0.016; − 0.080 | Beta | [56] |
Neuropathy | − 0.048 | − 0.016; − 0.080 | Beta | [49] |
Neutropenia | − 0.090 | − 0.060; − 0.120 | Beta | [56] |
Paronychia | − 0.033j | − 0.009; − 0.056 | Beta | [56] |
Rash | − 0.033 | − 0.009; − 0.056 | Beta | [56] |
Stomatitis | − 0.151 | − 0.121; − 0.181k | Beta | [57] |
Vomiting | − 0.048 | − 0.016; − 0.080 | Beta | [56] |
Body surface area | 1.70 | 1.36; 2.04 | Normal | [49] |
Parameters survival distribution | ||||
Lambda OS chemotherapy | 0.019 | Normal | ||
Gamma OS chemotherapy | 1.203 | Normal | ||
Lambda OS gefitinib | 0.020 | Normal | ||
Gamma OS gefitinib | 1.203 | Normal | ||
Lambda OS erlotinib | 0.019 | Normal | ||
Gamma OS erlotinib | 1.203 | Normal | ||
Lambda OS afatinib | 0.017 | Normal | ||
Gamma OS afatinib | 1.203 | Normal | ||
Lambda OS osimertinib | 0.012 | Normal | ||
Gamma OS osimertinib | 1.203 | Normal | ||
Intercept OS second-line osimertinib | 4.069 | Normal | ||
Intercept OS second-line pemetrexed/cisplatin | 2.861 | Normal | ||
Lambda PFS chemotherapy | 0.073 | Normal | ||
Gamma PFS chemotherapy | 1.478 | Normal | ||
Lambda PFS gefitinib | 0.031 | Normal | ||
Gamma PFS gefitinib | 1.478 | Normal | ||
Lambda PFS erlotinib | 0.026 | Normal | ||
Gamma PFS erlotinib | 1.478 | Normal | ||
Lambda PFS afatinib | 0.027 | Normal | ||
Gamma PFS afatinib | 1.478 | Normal | ||
Lambda PFS osimertinib | 0.013 | Normal | ||
Gamma PFS osimertinib | 1.478 | Normal | ||
Intercept PFS second-line osimertinib | 2.985 | Normal | ||
Intercept PFS second-line pemetrexed/cisplatin | 1.885 | Normal |
CNS central nervous system, DSA deterministic sensitivity analysis, OS overall survival, PFS progression-free survival, ALT alanine aminotransferase; AST aspartate aminotransferase
aCosts comprised of acquisition costs and pharmaceutical delivery costs; no drug wastage assumed
bVolume pemetrexed/cisplatin based on a point estimate body surface of 1.70 m2. Administration of 500 mg/m2 pemetrexed and 75 mg/m2 cisplatin each cycle
cTumour response assessment comprised CT and MRI scans for tumour assessment
dLaboratory costs comprised haematology, sputum, and biochemistry test, excluding mutation test
eBased on 14 km (€0.19/km) plus parking costs (€3, –)
fAssumed to be the same as fatigue
gAssumed to be the same as neutropenia
hAssumed to be the same rash
iAssumed to be the same as nausea
jAssumed to be the same as rash
kParameters were varied with ± 20% of the mean
l€10,602 are the average indirect medical costs over a lifetime horizon. Indirect medical costs ranged between €4578 and €26,326