Value of the Data •Dataset represents proteomes of serum samples from patients with schizophrenia as well as from control healthy volunteers, which can be compared to reveal molecular pathways of pathology. •Blood plasma serves as an attractive source of candidate protein markers and specific pathologies for molecular profiling, as it contains molecular components secreted by cells in diseased tissues, as well as factors involved in the development of pathophysiological processes. •Protein profiling are perspective to reveal for clinical monitoring of drug therapy, for identification of affected signalling pathways may indicate the direction of research for the development of a systematic approach to the diagnosis and classification of schizophrenia disease. •Protein profiles are available in the form of “∗.raw” and “∗.mgf” data that can be further processed by researchers using their own bioinformatics algorithms and analysed together with their own data.