Table 8.
In vivo modulation of bone marrow adipose tissue by dietary and environmental factors.
| In vivo environmental intervention | Animal model | Outcomes (assay) | References |
|---|---|---|---|
| High fat diet (45–60%) | C57BL/6J mice | ↑BMAT ↔or ↓ Bone mass(O, μCT) |
(174) (175) (161) |
| Physical exercise (voluntary exercise wheel in NCD and HFD mice) | C57BL/6 mice | ↓BMAT volume in NCD and HDF-fed mice. ↑Bone mass (O, μCT) |
(176) (63) |
| Caloric restriction (CR) | C57BL/6J mice (CR: 30% of NCD) New Zealand White rabbits [CR: Moderate (30%) or extensive (50–70%)] |
↑ BMA volume (H, MR) ↑BMAT volume (O, μCT, H) |
(35) (177) |
| Acute fasting (48 h) | Sprague-Dawley rats | BMAd size: ↓proximal tibia ↔tail vertebrae (O, μCT) |
(178) |
| Cold exposure (4°C) | C57BL/6J C3H/He |
↓rBMAT ↔ cBMAT (O, μCT) |
(12) |
| CLA +FO supplementation | C57BL/6 mice | ↓BMAT (H) | (179) |
| Dietary methionine restriction | C57BL/6J mice | ↑BMAT (O, μCT) | (180) |
↓, Decrease; ↑, Increase; ↔, No change; BW, body weight; CLA, conjugated linoleic acid; FO, fish oil; HFD, high fat diet; O, osmium tetroxide staining; BMAT, bone marrow adipose tissue; NCD, normal chow diet; rBMAT, regulated BMAT; cBMAT, constitutive BMAT; BMAd, bone marrow adipocyte.