Figure 9.

Selected examples of solvatofluorochromic FNAs demonstrating intramolecular charge transfer (ICT): (A) employed as nucleobase surrogates; (B) covalently and flexibly attached to a pyrimidine; and (C) mimicking nucleobases by an appropriate expansion. dR indicates 2'-deoxyribosyl; donor and acceptor groups are depicted in blue and red, respectively (Barawkar and Ganesh, 1995; Okamoto et al., 2006; Tainaka et al., 2007; Noé et al., 2012; Riedl et al., 2012b; Weinberger et al., 2013; Mata and Luedtke, 2015; Mata et al., 2016). Excitation and emission wavelengths were given in nm.